Effects of landslides causing by executive activities on some physical and chemical soil properties (Case study: Tonekabon and Ramsar forests)

This study aimed at investigating the effect of landslides causing by executive activities on some physical and chemical of soil properties in Tonekabon and Ramsar forests. For this purpose, the geographical location of the landslides was collected. Landslides in altitude (<750 and > 750 m), aspect (north, south, east and west), age (< 15 and > 15 years) and slope (< 50 and > 50%) were classified. In the each class, three sample plot (100 m2) were established to measure of soil properties. Soil properties includingpH, organic carbon, bulk density and particle density. Totally, 88 sample of soil were collected. The results showed that the mean of BD, PD, OC and pH in the landslide area were 1.69, 2.38, 2.33 and 6.80, respectively, and in the control area they were 1.64, 2.32, 3.49 and 6.56, respectively.  The study of soil properties under the effect of slope showed that the mean of pH and OC in the control area was higher than landslide areas, but the BD in the control area was less than the landslide area. Soil properties recovery showed that except soil OC, other soil properties were fully recovered. The statistical results of soil properties showed that there was a significant difference between the mean OC in landslide and control areas in all studied classes.