Studying the Architecture of Migrant (Nomadic) Communities Located in Southern Zagros based on Archeology (Case Study: Qashqai Tribe)

This paper presents the different architectures of migrant (nomadic) communities in the Southern Zagros region. Full-time poultice communities are good examples for indicating the attempt of a community to adapt to the environment and develop its socio-economical structure. The communities have complex socio-economic structures, requiring a fundamental recognition in all their structural aspects for applying in anthropology and archeology studies. One of the most important issues in the study of full-time poultice communities is that it can specify different aspects of migrant communities in terms of appearance, function, and socio-economic concepts hidden within them, and hence, it can reveal important issues in the study of historical anthropology and adaptation to ancient sites. This study has investigated a clan of the Qashqai tribal Confederacy (union) as a case study and evaluated a wide range of residential habitats and sites on mountainous land and marginal areas of the plains based on the intention pattern of the target community. Finally, different types of a winter habitat (lodging) in the winter quarter, fall craft habitat (lodging) in the winter quarter, spring habitat (lodging) in the winter quarter, summer habitat (lodging) in the country, and spring lodging at the altitudes of the country-side are proposed in conclusions. Different types of architecture are built according to the economic, social and cultural requirements. The most important components of such architecture are black tent, stove, corral, and platform. This study indicates how full-time poultice communities are struggling to achieve harmony with their environment and respect their social and economic interests. Depending on the status and social status of each family in the tribe, the architecture of each tent and the place where the animals are kept are different.  Among these, most of the area belongs to the (khan) or white beard of the group that has a higher rank both economically and socially.