The Strategic Importance of The Mediterranean Sea for Transregional

The Mediterranean Sea has sensitive geopolitics for the three continents of Asia, Africa and Europe, whose importance has multiplied in recent years due to the discovery of hydrocarbon reserves. The increase in regional tensions, which has caused the expansion of the military presence of trans-regional powers, is an indicator of the increasing military importance of the Mediterranean Sea. The present article seeks to examine the importance of the Mediterranean Sea for trans-regional powers in the discussion of their military presence. It has been carried out as systematic quantitative research with a descriptive method. In order to answer the research questions, the authors used scientific texts and questionnaires and measured their reliability using SPSS software. The statistical population of this research consists of experts and elites in political science, international relations and economics, as well as graduate and doctoral students in Tehran, Shahid Beheshti and Allameh Tabatabai universities, who study in the fields mentioned above, as the sample population of this research. A total of 70 people have been determined. Also, the collected data has been analyzed through the fuzzy Delphi method. The results are as follows; Strengthening NATO against Russia (USA), creating a high capacity for quick reaction in the region (USA), maintaining the security of the sea and land route of the One Road-One Belt initiative (China), countering NATO activities (Russia), reducing vulnerability in times of surprise ( Russia) is one of the most important reasons for the military presence of America, China and Russia in the Mediterranean Sea.