Multi-Stage Framework for Analyzing Penetration of Stochastic Distributed Energy Resources and Storage

This paper presents a multi-stage planning framework for analysis of stochastic distributed energy resources (DERs) comprising of solar, wind, and battery storage. The existing models do not consider penetration level analysis in conjunction with sizing, placement, and economic assessment. The main objective of this research is to embed all these dimensions of system planning in one structure. The first stage involves reliability constrained component sizing.  The second stage pertains to placement of DERs based on loss minimization and voltage profile. The third stage is the main thrust of this work which provides exhaustive economic evaluation and cost-benefit analysis. The novelty of this work lies in the consideration of penetration level in backdrop of all three stages. The proposed formulation is implemented on a 33-Bus radial distribution feeder located in Jaisalmer, Rajasthan, India. Four penetration levels viz. 10, 20, 40, and 60 percent have been investigated and analyzed under different planning scenarios. The results facilitate the determination of optimum penetration level.