General approaches to control harmfule algae bloom(HABS)

Harmful algae bloom is a natural phenomenon that due some planktonic species, especially dinoflagellates, and causes many problems for aquatic ecosystems. Despite the naturalness of this phenomenon, in addition to natural stress, human-made pollution and entry sewage and industrial wastewater has to aquatic ecosystems cause more stable and aggravated in recent decades. Mortality of aquatic organisems ,significant damage to the aquatic environment and the aquaculture industry have led researchers to attempt appropriate solutions to control this natural phenomenon. Three methods to control harmful algae blooms are called physical control including clay and ultrasonic, biological control including use of grazers, pathogens and antagonistic effects due to interaction macroalgae to reduce of HAB effects, ultimately, chemical control is use chemical or mineral compounds to remove harmful algae cells. Thus, many studies have been carried out by researchers that their results show none of these HAB control techniques is not ineffective particularly, but to improved this problem in enclosed and small environments can be used those approaches depends on environment and harmful algae species. Also suggested use of clay to control HAB because it has less environmental effects on marine environments and on other aquatic organisms and it has low cost.