Investigation of the architectural form of residential houses in hot and dry regions of Iran according to the geographical environment of the region with emphasis on the spring house (case study Isfahan Provience)

Iran's hot and dry climatic dwellings are among the valuable and important buildings of this land. Understanding the shape and physical characteristics of hot and dry climates in Iran will not only preserve and restore this precious achievement in past historical periods of Iran, but also play an important and useful role in identifying the hidden features and potentials in these buildings. The purpose of this study is to identify the structural features of the spring house in relation to other residential buildings, to study and analyze the effect and extent of the spring house in shaping the structure of hot and dry climates in Iran. In this regard, the researcher first extracts from a random sample of six samples of a spring house dwelling that extracts the frequent shape features in the spring house space and its effect on the emergence of residential plans. In this research, the research method is descriptive-analytical and the data analysis method is comparative.. The tools used in this study include gathering research findings through library, field studies, and interviews with technologists and professors. The results show that although according to the climatic pattern, the physical structure of most hot and dry climatic structures in Iran have a dominant north-south axis, but the location of the spring house space is always along the dominant axis of the house.