Post-Schumpeterian innovations And grading the major challenges to them in Iran

Recent studies indicate that the topics and issues of innovation have moved away from a purely technical approach, and innovative concepts have gone beyond the common Schumpeterian approach that saw innovation in the product, process, market, and new organization. In this regard, some types of innovations have been highlighted, whose innovative drivers are no longer technology in the conventional sense of policy-making ideas, and they have distanced themselves from past innovations in a Schumpeterian sense; Therefore, in present research, post-Schumpeterian innovations have been addressed. Post-Schumpeterian innovations are suitable options for breaking the rigid technological regime of products and services by changing their technological path from Schumpeterian patterns. In this research, position and paradigm innovation, social innovation, design and redesign innovation, semantic and symbolic innovation, inclusive and universal innovation, and frugal and pro-poor innovation have been called post-Schumpeterian. In the first part of the research, in order to extract the challenges, after studying the subject areas, coding techniques were used to identify hidden categories and themes in the interviews and documents, and in the second part, the interpretive structural modeling (ISM) approach was used; Therefore, both qualitative and quantitative methods have been used to answer the research question. The newness of research in this field, path dependency, domination of economy-oriented ecosystems in the country, lack of legal infrastructure of industries and creative companies, policy-making institutions and multiple trustees, are some of the issues that have been identified as the challenges of this transition.Keywords: Post-Schumpeterian innovation, Non-technological transitions, Innovation policy, Innovation management, Creative and cultural industries.