Evaluation of Yield and Total Polysaccharide amounts of the Basidiocarp of Iranian Isolates of Agrocybe Aegerita and Hypsizygus Ulmarius Mushroom Produced on various Substrates

Seemingly worthless agricultural residues (wheat straw, olive pomace) and industrial (wood chips, sugarcane bagasse) constitute a large amount of waste that leads to environmental pollution and health hazards. Fungi, as consumers of organic matter wastes, establish a material recycling cycle and also eliminate the problems related to air pollution caused by the incineration of wastes.

The present study was conducted with a completely randomized design with three replicates in Sistan Damfarm in 2019. Experimental treatments include substrates of wood chips, wheat straw, sugarcane bagasse, sugarcane bagasse+wheat bran (90 to 10), sugarcane bagasse+olive pomace (90 to 10), wood chips+wheat bran (90 to 10), wood chips+olive pomace (90 to 10), wheat straw+olive pomace (90 to 10), wheat straw+wheat bran (90 to 10). Spawn of H. ulmarius and A. aegerita fungi were prepared and the substrates were inoculated with spawn.

In the fungus H. ulmarius, the highest yield (467.54 g), dry matter (50.24 g), the highest amount of total polysaccharide (12.29 mg/g dry matter) and the shortest time (14 days) required to complete the spawn run. The lowest time for precocity (26 days) was allocated to the combined substrates of wheat straw with wheat bran (90 to 10). In the fungus A. aegerita, the highest yield (72.81 g), dry matter (9.22 g), the highest amount of total polysaccharide (11.33 mg/g dry matter) and the shortest time (15 days) required to complete the spawn run. The lowest time for precocity (29 days) was allocated to the combined substrates of wood chip with wheat bran (90 to 10).

A wheat straw substrate for H. ulmarius and wood chip substrate for A. aegerita were introduced as the best substrates.