The Idea of Modernization in the Context of Modern State and ‎Revolutionary Movement‏ ‏in Contemporary Iran

The main idea‏ ‏of this paper is to investigate the relationship of ‎conflicting forces, ‎each of which has looked at modernization ‎differently. During the first and second ‎Pahlavi periods, the idea of‏ ‏‏modernization was interpreted by the sovereignty as ‎establishing a ‎modern state and defining new tasks and structures for the state. ‎‎Interpreting modernization as such, in the years leading to the ‎revolution by the ‎Pahlavi, intellectuals criticized this approach. They ‎were looking for a different form of ‎state contrary to Pahlavi's state. ‎Thus, the question is, what type of state were they ‎looking for? To do ‎so, we used the historical-comparative sociological method to probe ‎‎the question. The conclusion is that the modern state raises the ‎modernization idea, and ‎this identification between the two, perhaps, ‎is from the results of the post-‎constitutional era. In the years ‎following September 1941 and 1960-70, intellectuals ‎criticized ‎Pahlavi's modernization and, consequently, annihilated the modern ‎state with ‎all its structures and mechanisms.‎