Criticisms of Javādī Āmolī in Āya al-Wilāya on Al-Fakhr Al-Rāzī: A Methodological Analysis

Tasnīm written by Javādī Āmolī is considered one of the ijtihādī interpretations of the Qurʾān. Javādī Amolī in this work, following his teacher Sayyid Muḥammad Ḥusayn Ṭabāṭabāyī, he often used the method of Tafsīr al-Qurʾān bil-Qurʾān. Al-Fakhr al-Rāzī's interpretation, Mafātīḥ al-Ghayb is also one of the famous interpretations of the Qurʾān among Sunnī Muslims. These two interpretations are based on two different intellectual and theological systems. However, in different places of Tasnīm, we see different confrontations between Javādī Āmolī and al-Fakhr al-Rāzī's opinions. Among these cases is al-Fakhr al-Rāzī's opinion in the interpretation of Āya al-Wilāya, which is extensively criticized in Tasnīm. In this study, we want to methodologically examine Tasnīm's criticisms about al-Fakhr al-Rāzī's interpretation of Aya al-Wilāya. It is aimed to defend the hypothesis that Javādi Āmolī's main methods of criticizing al-Fakhr al-Rāzī's interpretive opinions are based on the rules of understanding the text.