Investigation of Environmental Processes of Industrial and Municipal Wastewaters

The processes that take place in the collection network have different phases, which are generally complex systems. These processes may occur in various phases, including the fluid phase, the biofilm phase, the wastewater sediment phase, the air in the network, and finally the wall of the sewer wall. These processes have a significant impact on the urban space, for instance, the odorous compounds may be dispersed in the urban atmosphere. Wastewater treatment plants and local wastewater treatment systems are also affected by physical, chemical, and biological reactions in the networks. In addition to receiving discharged materials to the network, these facilities also receive products from network processes such as sludge and treated water. There are several examples that indicate the importance of these processes, for example the effect of sulfide under anaerobic conditions is well known. Sulfide is a serious hazard to humans, a foul-smelling and toxic compound, and may also cause corrosion problems in the network. In addition, anaerobic conditions may result in the production of easily degradable substrates which impair phosphorus removal and de-nitrification in the treatment plant and increase the need for treatment plant facilities. If the collection network is under aerobic conditions, these easily degradable organic materials are removed to produce particles that are easily degradable. Therefore, with proper and efficient design, the conditions governing wastewater during transfer in the collection network may be improved and this potential of collection networks may be used in the removal of wastewater organic matter.