Critique and evaluation of lexical equivalence of Arabic translation of Beyhaqi history based on Garces model

In 1956, Yahya al-Khashab and Sadegh Nashat translated the history of Beyhaqi into Arabic. The scientific and literary value of Beyhaqi's history among Persian and historical texts shows the necessity of evaluating and criticizing such a translation. Criticism of translation is one of the methods that is helpful in showing the quality level of translated texts. The purpose of this research is to criticize and evaluate the lexical equivalence of the translation of Beyhaqi history from the beginning to the end of Hasnak Vazir's story based on the semantic-lexical level of the Carmen Garces model. Definition, cultural or functional equivalent, assimilation, syntactic expansion, syntactic bill, and ambiguity are among the components of this level of the model that we will discuss in this research. This research makes it clear that the equivalence of the words and terms of the source text in the language of the target text has a wide range, and for this reason, most of the problems in the Arabic translation of Beyhaqi history are lexical. The translators have taken advantage of the assimilation and definition of all the elements to translate this ancient text. The non-uniformity of lexical equivalents can be seen throughout the text, and the translators' inattention to the time evolution of words and the hidden meanings and irony of Persian terms is the most important reason for the occurrence of lexical translation errors in this text.