Imprisonment and De-imprisonment in Islamic Jurisprudence and Iranian Law

Freedom is one of the most important blessings and one of the most obvious natural and basic human rights, which has been considered among the most controversial issues throughout the centuries and ages. One of the types of freedom is the freedom of the body, according to which a person can do whatever he wants. This type of freedom has been supported for a long time, and even today, international declarations related to human rights and the basic and ordinary laws of different countries support it in various ways. On the other hand, establishing public security and protecting people's privacy and rights in dealing with threats and possible aggression by abnormal persons and violating the rights of others has always been one of the main concerns of the guardians of the judicial justice system. In this regard, the application of prison sentences as a reaction to denying freedom against criminals and lawbreakers is a common method in most countries of the world. The idea that the application of this punishment will reform and socialize the criminal and prevent the repetition of the crime, and on the other hand, it brings intimidation and general deterrence and prevents potential criminals from repeating the crimes, is one of the most important justifications for the prison sentence. Although professors and legal scholars have dealt with the issue of the pathology of prison punishment in various articles, but since this issue is important and it should be considered, different aspects of the issue have not been examined. Therefore, it was felt necessary to deal more with this issue. The main objective of this study, while using the library research method, is to identify the judicial and executive gaps of this punishment and provide suggestions to compensate for the shortcomings and achieve the relevant goals.