The Factors and Contexts of the Emergence and Strengthening of Hezbollah in Lebanon in the 1980s, with emphasis on the Role of Iran

The emergence and strengthening of Hezbollah in Lebanon at the beginning of the 1980s which was influenced by Iran's Islamic Revolution.   Iran's role in gaining power for this Shiite movement with a strategy of resistance from a small guerilla and militia group as a regional player have been the focus of analysts of Middle East issues. This paper aims to answer this question, what was the role of Iran in the context of the emergence of Hezbollah, the formation and strengthening of this movement?

The method of research is descriptive-analytical by using library and internet sources.

The paper’s findings indicate  that in the emergence and formation of Hezbollah, two components of identity, security and material survival have played an important role, and Iran's Islamic Revolution and it's actions  have been influenced in different ways in the emergence and strengthening of this anti-Israel Shiite movement at the beginning of the 1980s which has been manifested on the one hand in the form of the formation of the identity of Hezbollah and the creation of the identity of the anti-Zionist resistance in it, and on the other hand It has led to the intensification of the military mobilization of the Shiites, and the organization, cohesion and strengthening of the military power of these Shiites in line with the Islamic Revolution within the framework of the Hezbollah movement.

The formation of Hezbollah in Lebanon arose from the identity components resulting from the ideology of Shia political Islam and based on the realistic considerations of Iran in the Arab World, specifically Lebanon and the issue and ideal of Palestine and confronting Israel, and was influenced by the alliance between Iran and Syria.