Investigating the antibacterial effects of Kakuti (Ziziphora tenuior) compared to chlorhexidine on dental caries

Dental caries and periodontal disease are the most common oral problems. Chemical antibacterial agents often have side effects; thus, researchers have long been in search for organic and herbal products to prevent dental caries and periodontal disease. The present study has aimed to assess the effects of Ziziphora tenuior on Streptococcus mutans, Streptococcus salivarius, Streptococcus sobrinus and Lactobacillus acidophilus compared to chlorhexidine (CHX). The plants were obtained from Zanjan, Iran and their essential oils were collected using Clevenger type apparatus. For assessment of bacterial susceptibility to essential oils and CHX, the well-plate method was used and resistant and sensitive species were determined. Serial dilutions of the essential oils were prepared and the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) were determined. Disc diffusion method was used to assess the antibacterial effects of the essential oils on the tested bacteria. The results showed that essential oil of Ziziphora tenuior has a superior antibacterial effect on S. mutans as one of the main cariogenic microorganisms. Considering the positive effects of cockatiel essential oil on microbial inhibition, further studies are recommended to evaluate the antimicrobial effect of mouthwashes containing this essential oil on microbial species in the oral cavity as an alternative to chemical agents in the clinical setting.