Vaccine or Antibiotic: which one should be used in fish farming?

Along with the global expansion of aquaculture, diseases have increased in this industry. Vaccines and antibiotics are used as accepted methods throughout the world to fight disease. However, in Iran, the path of fighting diseases has gone into the use of antibiotics. Antibiotic overuse puts evolutionary pressure on pathogenic and non-pathogenic bacteria, resulting in the emergence of antibiotic-resistant strains and a more severe recurrence of the disease. On the other hand, antibiotics also affect the function of vaccines. Together, these events affect the economic aspects of fish farming. So, antibiotic use is important in terms of environmental impact and public health, the immune system, vaccines, and aquaculture economics. In this review paper, an attempt had been made to study previous research on antibiotics and vaccines, economic analysis of vaccine uses and its health effects, by answering the question "Vaccine or antibiotics: which one should be used in fish farming?" Shows the importance of using vaccines instead of antibiotics.