Comparison of the stylistic method of mysticism literature in Adonis's theory of surrealism and Shafie Kadkani's theory of Formalism

Adonis and Shafie Kadkani are scholars who have explored the stylistics of mystical letters from surrealistic and formalistic perspectives. This research, conducted within the framework of comparative literature in the American school, utilizes a descriptive method and content analysis to compare their viewpoints on the cognitive style of mystical letters in the Islamic world. The objective is to explain their choice of theoretical approaches and identify points of similarity and difference in their opinions. The findings reveal that each writer has focused on specific aspects of mysticism, and there is no fundamental contradiction between their perspectives. Adonis emphasizes that mystical texts contain unique knowledge, distinct from ordinary experiences, which mystics convey through innovative concepts and a specialized language. On the other hand, Shafie Kadkani highlights the innovation in interpreting common concepts and using language and linguistic tools, rather than introducing entirely novel ideas.