Assessing the Vulnerability of Urban Housing the Passive Defense approach

Since the distant past, environmental hazards (natural and human) have been integral parts of human life. Deep knowledge of areas and territories and considering the necessary arrangements helps us in facing risks. But the most important factor that leads to a crisis when natural and human disasters occur is the physical vulnerability of buildings. Vulnerability of urban settlements, defenseless spaces, unsafe neighborhoods, cities with wrong architecture, all of them are factors that threaten urban and social security. On the urban scale, passive defense is a strategy to reduce vulnerability and increase resilience against both natural and man-made hazards. Therefore, the purpose of this research is to evaluate the vulnerability of the houses in Mahabad city from the point of view of non-active defense. The type of applied research and its method is descriptive-analytical. GIS and Expert choice software were used for data analysis. The findings of the research show that after the pairwise comparison of the research indicators with the AHP model, the building quality index with a weight of 0.137. It has the most points. and indicators of building life and unusual habitation and hazardous uses respectively 0.112, 0.11 and 0.101 is placed in the second, third, and fourth places, and at the end, the slope of the land and the width of the roads are at the 0.022 The irregular geometry of the urban fabric of Mahabad, the natural growth of the city, the existence of informal settlements and old and worn-out fabric in the central part of the city, the presence of residential plots with a smaller area in the southern and central fabric of the city, have made possible the vulnerable areas of the urban fabric and in In the event of natural and human crises, these tissues will be severely damaged and will cause a lot of financial and human losses.