Combining the Mediterranean diet with a diet based on lowering blood pressure in cardiovascular health: a review of recent studies

Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) are the leading cause of mortality globally, with a significant prevalence in developing countries and the Middle East. Dietary patterns play a crucial role in the prevention and management of CVD. This narrative review focuses on the Mediterranean-DASH Intervention for Neurodegenerative Delay (MIND) diet and its impact on cardiovascular health.

A comprehensive review of literature published between 2021 and 2023 was conducted using PubMed, Google Scholar, and Scopus databases. Key terms included "heart disease," "CVD," "MIND diet," and "Mediterranean-DASH diet for Neurodegenerative Delay." Studies addressing the effect of the MIND diet on CVD, comprising cohort, cross-sectional, and case-control studies, were included.

The MIND diet, rich in plant-based foods, unsaturated fats from olive oil, and low in red meat and dairy, shows a significant inverse relationship with CVD risk factors. Specific components like whole grains, legumes, berries, and nuts were associated with reduced body weight, lower CRP levels, and improved cardiovascular markers. Contrasting results in some studies highlight the complexity of dietary influences on heart health.

The MIND diet presents a viable dietary strategy for reducing cardiovascular risks, with implications for clinical practice and public health policy. However, future research, particularly randomized controlled trials, must establish causality and further explore the diet's efficacy across diverse populations.