Providing a Risk Assessment and Management Model for Water and Sewage Infrastructures with the Passive Defense Approach (Case Study: The border Province)

The supply and distribution of sustainable drinking water is one of the most basic responsibilities of governments, and the protection and maintenance of water supply and distribution infrastructure is of particular importance. Currently, with the occurrence of natural threats such as drought and climate change in the country, the enemy can abuse these threats and carry out hostile actions such as creating disruptions or interrupting the provision of services as well as psychological operations to incite people against the government and sovereignty. Therefore, paying attention to drinking water infrastructure, industry, and agriculture is considered necessary and inevitable to increase resilience, continue essential activities, and facilitate crisis management. Our research method is practical and developmental in terms of purpose. The research approach is descriptive and analytical. The aim of this research is to provide an efficient model that helps identify the base threats and vulnerable points of the infrastructure of the border regions. In this article, in the form of a case study using the method of identifying and assessing the potential of natural and human hazards in a region (FEMA), firstly, the assets of the water and sewerage area of Marzi province have been identified and screened. Vulnerabilities are identified and assessed, and the risk of each asset is calculated. At the end, solutions are presented to reduce the risk to the water and sewage infrastructure of the border province.