Moral dysfunctions of the society centered on hidden violence against women in the novel "Terrible Tehran" by Mushfiq Kazemi.

Women are one of the vulnerable groups of the society, who have sometimes faced extensive rights violations and extensive violence throughout history. The important issue in this is the different views and theories that organizations, institutions, real and legal personalities, writers, each of them somehow tried to draw the nature of violence against women and fight it with their own efforts. The writers basically tried to explain the situation of women and the violence against them in the form of social novels. This article is a research in line with the investigation of the novel Teheran Makhoof written by Mushfiq Kazemi, which is the first social novel of Iran. The main question of this article is: "What elements do the most important moral taunts applied against women centered on hidden violence in the novel Tehran Mahuf include?" The hypothesis or the central sign of the present article is an emphasis on the issue that Mushfiq Kazemi in this novel, by portraying the fearful Tehrani after the conflicts of the constitutional era and the beginning of the first Pahlavi period, in a way, laments Iranian women and a patriarchal society in two macro indicators of hidden verbal and non-verbal violence. it shows. The findings of the article using the analytical descriptive method and using written and virtual sources showed that the moral biases against women in the novel "Terrible Tehran" include two indicators of hidden verbal and non-verbal violence. Therefore, humiliation, slander, insults, threats, lies, taunts, and teasing are classified as hidden verbal violence, and ignoring the character of a woman, supporting wrong marriage customs, supporting polygamy, sexual violence, hypocrisy, and pretending are among hidden non-verbal violence