Evidences Against Generalized Motor Program by Co-Activation Pattern of Arm Muscles After Massive Amount of Practice

Massive amount of practice over many years raise the question that handling class of action by generalized motor program may modify over years. The purpose of the present study is to provide evidences to investigate this hypothesis by examining the pattern of co-activation and agonist to antagonist activity ratio. Seven experienced darts players were asked to execute from standard dart distance (fourth distance) and six other farther and nearer distances, making 252 throws. Relatively, the results showed that at least in five from the seven samples, there was a significant difference in muscle co-activation between fourth and six other distances. These findings do not support the existence of a generalized motor program at fourth distance so that performance of elite players met limited generalizability