Reducing the share of electricity generation from fossil fuels by replacing renewable energies in rainy areas

The emission of pollutants from power plants fueled by fossil resources has perennially contributed to climate pollution. Carbon dioxide emissions, particularly, have been catalysts for global warming and climate upheavals. Governments worldwide are diligently endeavoring to avert these climate shifts by means of multifaceted strategies and policies. To mitigate environmental degradation, the substitution of fossil fuel facilities with renewable energy sources emerges as a commendable solution. This article focuses on the West Mazandaran gas power plant, boasting a nominal capacity of 50 megawatts and an annual output of 0.1 terawatt hours in Mazandaran Province. Through a rigorous evaluation of three distinctive scenarios spanning two phases, namely 1403 and 1405, this facility is eliminated from the energy production cycle and is instead substituted by renewable sources. The energy systems employed in this study are meticulously modeled and analyzed by the ENERGY PLAN software, while the statistical data utilized in this article are derived from the energy balance sheet of Iran. The first scenario entails the replacement of 40 megawatts of wind power, the second scenario embraces the substitution of 31 megawatts of solar power, and the third scenario revolves around augmenting the operational hours of the Black Forest hydroelectric power plant, thereby facilitating the generation of 0.1 terawatt hours of electricity. The project demonstrates several positive outcomes, including a reduction in carbon dioxide emissions by 60,000 tons, the preservation of the thermal value equivalent to 50 GWh of petroleum products and 130 GWh of natural gas, and a surge in the share of renewable energy production from 12 percent to 14.5 percent. To achieve the noble objective of clean and sustainable energy, meticulous and principled short-term, medium-term, and long-term planning are imperative.