The effect of land reform on social structures in Iran

In the 1940s, Iran was involved in many events, including the coup d’état of 28 mordad/19 August 1953, Modernism and modernity symbolically, expansion of the petty bourgeois social class due to oil revenues from the signing of the Consortium Agreement and the economy is going bankrupt. In order to increase the purchasing power of farmers, find a market for urban industrial products, increase agricultural products, prevent the peasant revolution, stabilize the political system, and use rural labor in urban industries, the then Iranian government implemented a land reform plan in three stages. This research has described the consequences of land reform on the social structure of Iran with a descriptive-analytical method. The results indicate that land reform has consequences such as the formation of a new system of social stratification in rural areas, the emergence of government petty bourgeoisie in agriculture, the gradual disappearance of the rural organization called ‘Baneh’ in rural areas, accelerated rural–urban migration, agricultural disintegration, development bureaucracy and Centralism in rural areas, increasing social inequalities between farmers, unequal land distribution, rising unemployment, and the expansion of the exploitation system based on land capitalism in Iran.