The Concept Recognition of Livability with emphasis on raise of Physical – Spatial Structure (Case Study: Rasht City’s Central District)

Currently, urban centers, due to social, economic, environmental and physical issues, have become a place with various problems where life is difficult and wear and tear is not only a physical issue but also an economic and social process. With the aim of recognizing the concept of livability, this research has tried to investigate the current situation of the central part of Rasht city, study its features and attributes, and by systematically describing its current situation, explain the reasons and why of the problematic situation, its dimensions, and sustainable living conditions. Draw a human-centered and livable city for all its residents. The research method is practical in terms of purpose and causal in nature with extensive library and field studies. The general purpose of the research is to identify and analyze the existing livability of the neighborhoods in the central part of Rasht city and to understand the causes, processes and areas affecting the livability and the improvement of spatial and physical structure. Based on the findings of the research and data analysis, the average level of livability dimensions of the central part of Rasht city is lower than the assumed average. The social dimension with an average of 2.46 has a more favorable situation and the environmental dimension with an average of 2.084 has a more critical situation than other dimensions. According to the opinions of experts, specialists and city managers, the influence of macro factors of infrastructure and urban services with an average of 3.63 is the highest and macro environmental factors with an average of 3.10 have the lowest impact on the livability of the central part of Rasht city. Also, the social index with an average of 3.95 is the highest and the economic index with an average of 3.72 is the least favorable for measuring the livability of the central part of Rasht city. Pearson's correlation test showed that there is a significant and positive relationship between the independent variable of the three dimensions of livability and the dependent variable of physical-spatial structure. By analyzing the path of the independent variable on the dependent variable, it showed that the environmental variable with a coefficient of 0.625 and the economic variable with a coefficient of 0.411 have the least impact on the physical-spatial structure of the neighborhoods in the central part of Rasht city.