Guaranteeing human rights and legitimate freedoms in the process of criminal proceedings

Human dignity and the legitimate freedoms of members of the society are one of the fundamental rights of nations, which the government, as a superior governing body, is responsible for observing. It is important to refer to the history of civilized societies and sacred religious texts that legitimate freedoms have been the concern of rulers and demanded by citizens for many years. The current form of power structure in most societies, which takes place in accordance with the separation of powers, requires the consideration of a large governing body to implement and facilitate the observance of these freedoms for individuals. In the process of criminal proceedings, compliance with some penal principles will guarantee the legitimate freedom of citizens during the proceedings and proceedings of the courts. In this research, by studying and verifying these principles, we will deal with the performance of the judiciary in protecting the basic rights of people in the society. These principles are briefly; The principle of acquittal, the principle of non-retroactivity of criminal laws, the prohibition of torture and the acquisition of illegitimate reasons, and the principles governing the determination of crimes and punishments.