A Study of the Mythical, Religious, and Socio-Political Origins of Ta’ziyyeh

This article delves into the definition, performative lineage, and, notably, the three origins—mythical, religious, and socio-political—of ta'ziyyeh. The primary inquiry is the roots of ta'ziyyeh and the reasons behind its formation within the Shi'a discourse. The research employs a qualitative-explanatory approach, utilizing available library tools and drawing from diverse Iranian and non-Iranian primary sources. From a mythological perspective, ta'ziyyeh is associated with ancient Iranian rites, including the "lamentations of Mithra", "the legacy of Zoroastrian Zerir" and, notably, "the mourning of Siavash", all falling under the overarching title of "Divine Martyrdom." From a religious standpoint, the article explores the ties between ta'ziyyeh and Islamic teachings, particularly the fundamental ideology of the dichotomy of good and evil.Additionally, the potential connection between ta'ziyyeh and the representation of the sufferings of Christ in medieval Christian traditions is discussed. From a socio-political perspective, the article examines how the Shi'a discourse, driven by the belief in the usurpation of divine governance by oppressors, has historically endeavored to assert its rights through uprising. It explores how ta'ziyyeh, as a religious performance, intertwines with its Iranian national traditions and rituals to emphasize the eternal confrontation between good and evil. These three mythological, religious, and socio-political origins lay the groundwork for establishing the connection between ta'ziyyeh and tragedy in further research.