Geographical evaluation of the epidemiology of respiratory diseases in the regions of Tehran

The present study was conducted to geographically evaluate the epidemiology of respiratory diseases in the regions of Tehran. The research method is descriptive-analytical and the statistical population of the research is 1918 respiratory patients in Tehran metropolis. Data analysis was done in ArcGIS software. To show the distribution of patients in the period of 2018-2021, the point density method was used, and then the spatial distribution of patients was checked by using Moran's coefficient, and also by using spatial autocorrelation, the spread of respiratory diseases was analyzed among the regions of Tehran. Finally, by using the local Moran's coefficient of the single-variable Moran's spatial linkage, the spatial clustering of 22 districts of Tehran was formed based on respiratory disease sufferers. The findings show that the spread of respiratory diseases in Tehran in the years 2020, 2019, and 2018 is towards the semi-eastern regions, and the highest spatial spread has occurred in regions 13 and 14 as the center of the disease, and in 2021 Most areas, especially the north of the city, have been affected by the disease. In the years 2020, 2019, and 2018, the spread of the disease has an upward trend up to a distance of 2.75 km between the city areas, and from then on, due to the increase in distance and decrease in population density, its spread has decreased. The spatial pattern of respiratory diseases in Tehran is of a cluster type, with areas 13 and 14 in the HH part of the Moran scatter diagram with positive spatial autocorrelation as the main focus of disease spread, areas 9, 10, 11, 15, 21 and 22 in The HL part of the Moran scatter diagram with negative spatial autocorrelation and the existence of spatial heterogeneity in the number of patients and in the LL cluster of region 17 and the LH cluster of regions 1, 3, 6, 7, 18, 19 and 20 are located with negative spatial autocorrelation.