Assessment of Renewable Energy Potential in Sistan and Baluchistan Province: Solar, Wind, Geothermal, and Bioenergy Sources

The present research investigates the possibility of using renewable energies such as solar, wind, geothermal, and bioenergy in the Sistan and Baluchestan province. This province faces significant obstacles in energy supply due to climatic, economic, and geographical factors. Using geographic information and global data in the ArcGIS software, an assessment of the total capacity of the province has been conducted, and areas with the highest potential for renewable energy exploitation have been identified. The assessment results show that the annual energy production capacity from solar, wind, geothermal, and bioenergy sources is equivalent to 1962 kWyear.m-2, 22776 MWyear per turbine, 402 kWyear.m-2, and 194 KWyear per person, respectively, which, if these sources were replaced, would prevent 818.74 kg.m-2, 9504.42 ton (per turbine), 167.75 kg.m-2, and 80.95 kg (per person) of carbon dioxide emissions annually. Furthermore, the annual energy production level in a sample household demand in the study area has been evaluated using GEO T-SOL and PVSYST software. The results indicate that the energy produced by designing a hybrid geothermal and solar system for household demand in the region is equivalent to 8637 kWh and 8858 kWh per year, leading to energy savings of 22566 kWh and prevention of 5585 kg of carbon dioxide emissions annually. The results of this study demonstrate the significant efficiency and potential of renewable energies in meeting the energy needs in the Sistan and Baluchestan province, serving as a valuable solution to address the challenges of energy demand and sustainable development in the region.