Grouping of Medicinal Pecan Plant Ecotypes (Peganum harmala L.) ‎Based on Biochemical Traits in Hamadan and Kermanshah Provinces

The most valuable products obtained from the (Peganum harmala L.) are phenolic compounds and other biochemical contents, which widely is used in treating of many diseases. This study has been done with the goal of evaluating the effect of different habitats on some biochemical and physiological parameters in pecan plant. First, the samples were identified and collected simultaneously in the four studied habitats. A factorial experiment with a completely randomized design with three replications was conducted in the central laboratory of Razi University in 2023. Results of the analysis of the variance of the studied traits has been showed, that there is a significant difference between the ecotypes and also the two leaf and seed samples in the characteristics of total chlorophyll content, soluble sugar, flavonoid and anthocyanin. The results showed that, there is a significant difference between the ecotype and the sample in chlorophyll b index. The difference between the samples is due to the type of ecotype and the effect of the environment. There is a significant positive correlation between chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b and total chlorophyll. Phenol and flavonoid content showed significant negative correlation with total chlorophyll and positive and significant correlation with anthocyanin. Considering the content of biochemical compounds and the high content of phenols and flavonoids as antioxidant compounds in the studied samples, it can be stated that Ecotype No. 2 can be introduced to researchers as a suitable sample for further studies in the pharmaceutical field. The authors are grateful for the cooperation of the director of the Faculty of Engineering Sciences and Natural Resources, Razi University.