Evaluation biochemical diversity of Allium Sativum native populations in different regions of Hamadan province

This research aimed to determine the diversity and identify some biochemical parameters among different garlic cultivars. A factorial experiment with a completely randomized design and three replications was carried out in the central laboratory of Razi University in 2024 to group six ecotypes from different parts of Hamedan province based on their place of growth and determine their biochemical traits. The results of variance analysis of the studied traits showed a significant difference between the ecotypes in the traits of total chlorophyll, chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, soluble sugar, flavonoid, and the two leaf and seed samples. The results of examining the interaction effect of ecotype in the samples indicated the significance of the total phenol content index among ecotypes. The ecotypes were grouped based on the cluster diagram and decomposition into main components, and they were placed in similar groups in terms of their biochemical traits. Considering the geographical conditions of the samples and their presence in the same geographic latitudes, the difference between the samples may be attributed to the difference between the genotypes of the ecotypes. There was a positive and significant correlation between chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, and total chlorophyll. There was also a positive and significant correlation between phenol and flavonoid content. Based on the traits studied, Asad-abad and then Bahar-2 ecotypes can be introduced as desirable examples in clinical studies and can also be used for breeding programs.