Economics of science and theory of motivation; Implications for resistance economy studies

The motivational system and human decision-making mechanism are the focus of many important developments in economic knowledge. The theory of motivational system in the science of economics, by abandoning the restrictive neoclassical assumptions, is presenting a more complete analysis of the motivational system and the way people behave in real economic conditions. This progress in the theory of motivation also affected the "economy of science" and made economists to examine the effect of internal motivations and non-financial motivations on the performance of science producers. In the current research, while counting the types of motivations and incentives that influence the motivation of scientists and science producers, using the partial least squares (PLS) method, the data completed by 65 faculty members (33 full professors, 32 assistant professors and associate professor) from 19 universities all over the country were investigated and analyzed in SMART PLS4 software, and the influence of Intrinsic motivation, religious motivation, career rewards and financial rewards endives on the motivation system of scientists was investigated. A determination coefficient of one for the model shows that the defined dimensions completely cover and explain the central structure. The findings of the research show that internal, religious, occupational and financial incentives have positive effects on the scientist's motivation system with 0.38, 0.45, 0.24 and 0.33 respectively. Also, based on the importance-performance matrix, religious motivation, internal motivation, and financial incentive are respectively the most important in the scientist's motivation system, and in terms of performance, religious motivation has the highest performance. These findings can influence science and technology policy-making studies with the approach of resistance economy and Islamic economy.