Simple Adrenal Endothelial Cyst in a Woman: A Case Report

Adrenal cysts are very rare, and their prevalence has been reported at 5-6% in the clinic. Adrenal cysts comprise 1% to 22% of incidentally discovered adrenal masses. Given the rarity of adrenal cysts and their asymptomatic occurrence in some patients, in this study, a patient with an adrenal cyst referred by weight gain is introduced.

A 49-year-old female patient referred with a complaint of abdominal swelling and gradual weight gain since a year ago. In ultrasound examinations, she was found to have an abdominal mass of unknown origin. In the computed tomography (CT) scan with and without contrast of the patient, the image of a 32 × 28 × 40 cm cyst with a thin wall and transparent contents in the pelvic area showed the appearance of an adrenal pseudocyst, which has caused a pressure effect on the right kidney and its displacement to the left retroperitoneum. According to laboratory tests and repeated visits, the patient underwent surgery with a possible diagnosis of adrenal mass. The patient's complaints were resolved after the surgery.

In general, the present study was related to adrenal cysts with uncommon manifestations. The diagnosis was made with the help of a CT scan before the surgery, and the patient's surgery was performed without any major or minor complications. However, if the centers are equipped with the appropriate skills and facilities, laparoscopic management of these patients is suggested.