The role of gender in committing financial crimes in Iran's legal system

One of the significant topics in criminology in recent decades has been the focus on the relationship between gender and delinquency. While early criminologists primarily focused on the personality of offenders, modern criminology emphasizes the study of the role of the offender’s gender in the commission of crimes. Consequently, until now, most theories presented in criminology did not account for half of society, rendering them practically and operationally deficient. However, with the introduction of gender into delinquency studies, the approximate share of each gender in the commission of crimes has been relatively determined. It has become clear that delinquency and deviance, especially in financial and economic crimes, are not exclusively male domains. Women also play a significant role in the actualization of such crimes. The present study, employing library resources and a descriptive-analytical method, seeks to explore the factors contributing to the gender gap and gender convergence. It also examines the accuracy of the general hypothesis that financial crimes are not solely committed by men. Instead, men, due to their broader presence in economic and social spheres, have more opportunities to commit financial crimes. On the other hand, women, owing to technological advancements, shared social roles, job opportunities, education, gender equality, and the reduction of the gender gap, have increased opportunities for committing such crimes.