The Comparison of Happiness and Character Strengths in Base of Gender and Gender Role Attitude

The present study was conducted to determine the comparison of happiness and character strengths based on gender and gender role attitudes. This research was descriptive and comparative. The statistical population of all students of Tehran city was considered in 2021. The sample size in this study was 600 people (296 women) and (304 men). Sampling was done by cluster random method. Data collection using the Oxford Happiness Questionnaire (OHQ; Argyle, 1989), The Values in Action Inventory of Strengths (VIA-IS; Peterson and Seligman, 2004), and Attitude Toward Gender Role Questionnaire (ATGRQ; Kiani et al., 1387) was done. Data analysis was done using multivariate analysis of variance. The findings showed that there was no significant difference between gender and happiness, as well as between gender and happiness subscales (P<0.05); Also, the results showed that there was no significant difference between gender and the total score of character strengths and character virtues (P<0.05). Other results showed that there was a significant difference between gender attitudes (traditional/egalitarian) and happiness score (P<0.05); In fact, the happiness score of traditional people was significantly higher than egalitarian people. However, there was no significant difference between the two gender attitudes (traditional/ egalitarian) in the field of character strengths and character virtues (P<0.05). Therefore, we can conclude that gender does not affect happiness and character strengths; But the traditional gender attitude can lead to more happiness.