Discourse of Dialogue; Dialectic of Civilizational Cooperation and Cultural Coexistence

The present era is that of the domination of modernity over the previous intellectual traditions. But historical analyses and forecast of the changes have led to the formation of three notions in this regard. Fokoyama and his colleagues believe in the end of conflicts and acceptance of liberal-democracy; Samuel Huntington through his theory of Clash of Civilizations argues that the spread of modernity and modernization in the sphere of other civilizations causes disorderliness and strain which will be manifested in the form of retaliatory reactions to the West. Seyed Mohammad Khatami’s notion of Dialogue Among Civilizations, which combines pluralism of modernity with traditions, relies on the philosophical bases of the ancient world for his ethical universalism and advocates dialogue among civilizations. The author tries in the present article to prove that civilization has an expansive, extravert approach to the globalization, while culture has an introvert, contractive approach towards this phenomenon. Hence through propounding globalism and pluralistic exchange whose objective is coexistence of cultures, a better model for globalization and international relations could be found.