Digital Archive: A Practical Concept of the National Memory Formed by Modern Information and Communication Technologies and its Function in the Guidance of Knowledge Management and Sharing Intellectual Assets

Digital archives have become one of the main channels for open access to scienticinformation at a global level and have established their position in the scientic andeconomic development of nations. is is the result of modern information and communication technologies. Recognising these changing realities, the impact of currenttechnologies and their undeniable role in creating digital archives, as well as the role thatboth traditional and modern archives have in the scientic, cultural and economic improvement of the information society, this paper is presented in two separate, but related parts. In the rst part, in order to study patterns of archival evolution which eventually lead to the establishment of digital archives, we analyse archives and their modern formats, digital archives, from di"erent viewpoints. en we study the factors which have arisen from modern technologies and which are the primary basis for the formation of digital archives. e features of digital archives and the methods for sustaining and preserving electronic records for long periods of time, and also challenges for researchabout digital archives and digitalization of records as the social and cultural memoryof a nation, are among most important issues reviewed in this paper. Another part ofthis paper is devoted to the undoubted role of archives in national, scientic and economic development. erefore in order to study this issue, once again we mention theseemingly new role which has been given to archives in the information society by themodern technologies and that is the role that archives have in the guidance of knowledgemanagement and sharing intellectual assets.