Factor structure of approaches to learning scale in Iranian students

The objective of this study was to obtain a factor structure for the Approaches to Learning Scale (ATL) among Iranian students. A correlation method was employed with a sample of 11th grade students in public schools. Participants were 1371 junior year high school students in Tehran who were selected through random cluster sampling.They answered to the 32-item ATL scale. Data was analyzed through exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis. Exploratory factor analysis showed a four factor measurement model which was confirmed by confirmatory factor analysis. These factors were Learning goals, performance goals, future goals and perceived ability. clustering intrinsic valuing and learning goals items in one factor and extrinsic valuing and future goals in another factor (future) shows emergence of a newfour factor model and stress the necessity of researcher's attention to the possible culturedependence quality of achievement goals and also validating the appropriate cultural instruments that are made in other communities for achievement goalsmeasurement.