This study presents a tool for evaluating sustainable development in the mining industry. We identified indicators related to four dimensions: growth and learning, economy, environment, and society. A total of 75 primary indicators were determined. Indicators with a mean weight of over 3.6 were considered suitable, resulting in the selection of 28 final indicators. The top-ranked indicator was "number of lost days" with a mean weight of 10.9, followed by "total amount of waste produced" with a mean weight of 7.73. The indicators of "waste management" and "efforts to restore the mine" had mean weights of 5.9, ranking third. To assess the weight of each dimension in evaluating sustainability performance, the researchers used the FANP method and a pairwise comparison questionnaire. The inconsistency rate of the pairwise comparisons, estimated using the Gogos and Butcher's method, was below 0.1 for all questionnaires, indicating consistency. The results showed that the "growth and learning" dimension had the highest mean weight of 0.48, followed by the "community" dimension with a mean weight of 0.24. The "environment" dimension ranked third with a mean weight of 0.22, while the "economy" dimension ranked fourth with a mean weight of 0.16 among all dimensions.

Considering the importance of knowledge-based economy and providing the essentials for the development of knowledge-based economic enterprises, the purpose of this research is to identify and prioritize the basic factors affecting the attractiveness of investing in knowledge-based economic enterprises. The current research is applied in terms of objective, exploratory in terms of the nature of the research, and in terms of the approach, it is a mixed research type (qualitative to quantitative). In this research, the data obtained from interviews with 10 specialists and managers of companies active in the knowledge-based field were analyzed using thematic analysis method. Then, in the quantitative stage, the identified factors were prepared in the form of a questionnaire and distributed among the managers of knowledge-based enterprises in the northwest region of the country; In the next step, the results of the questionnaires were ranked using the pairwise comparison technique. The results of the pairwise comparison technique showed that the legal-political factors, marketing and the essence of technology were ranked as the first to third priority, and the financial-economic and managerial factors were ranked next. The factors of supporting laws and regulations and infrastructure were also recognized as the least important factor. The results showed that legal and legal factors are much more important than short-term support, even infrastructural.

The aim of the present study is to identify the factors influencing social entrepreneurship in rural tourism in Gilan Province and to propose a fuzzy cognitive model. This research is considered exploratory-applied in terms of purpose and mixed-method (exploratory sequential) in terms of research type. The statistical population in the first phase consisted of 10 experts, scholars, and faculty members in the fields of tourism and entrepreneurship with outstanding experience in Gilan Province, who participated in semi-structured interviews and the Delphi technique. In the second phase, the statistical population included social entrepreneurs in rural tourism from 2022 to 2024, with a minimum of three years of work experience, from whom 12 individuals were selected for the fuzzy methodological section. For the structural equation modeling (SEM) section, social entrepreneurs active in rural tourism in Gilan Province were selected, and due to the use of the SEM method, a minimum sample size of 200 individuals wasdetermined.In the first phase, a non-probability judgmental sampling method was applied. In the fuzzy methodological phase, a pairwise comparison questionnaire was distributed to social entrepreneurs in rural tourism using a non-probability judgmental sampling approach. In the structural equation modeling phase, a probability convenience sampling method was used to distribute the questionnaire.To identify the influencing factors in the first phase, thematic analysis was conducted, followed by the Delphi technique to confirm the components. The relationships between these factors were then determined using fuzzy cognitive modeling, with the aid of FCMapper and Mental Modeler software to identify the interrelationships among the factors. Finally, the extracted model was tested using structural equation modeling within the statistical sample.Through thematic analysis, 10 key influencing factors were identified: economic and financial factors, policy and planning factors, social capital utilization, community empowerment, cultural factors, environmental factors, technological and innovation factors, social entrepreneurship in rural tourism, social factors, and human capital.These 10 influencing factors were presented to tourism experts in Gilan Province in the form of a pairwise comparison questionnaire ranging from -1 to +1. The data obtained from the questionnaire were analyzed using fuzzy cognitive modeling, and the relationships among the factors were examined. The results indicated that the components of social entrepreneurship in rural tourism and community empowerment had the highest susceptibility to influence, while policy and planning factors, as well as economic and financial factors, exhibited the highest influencing power. Ultimately, social entrepreneurship in rural tourism and policy and planning factors achieved the highest central index.

Location identification for the construction of small water storage reservoirs is currently receiving significant attention, particularly in regions experiencing reduced precipitation, such as arid and semi-arid areas. This study utilized various Multi-Criteria Decision-Making (MCDM) techniques, including the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP), Analytic Network Process (ANP), and Boolean logic, to pinpoint the suitable areas for placing small water storage reservoirs (SWSRs). Criteria such as distance to water resources, water salinity, topography, land use, geological attributes, road accessibility, and climatic conditions were considered. The zoning maps of criteria were prepared, and after conducting pairwise comparisons and determining their weight coefficients, the final land classification map was produced. The findings revealed that access to water resources emerged as the most critical criterion. The location maps generated through the AHP and ANP methods showed that 50.2% and 51.7% of the total study area were deemed suitable, respectively, with 18.2% and 16% classified as unsuitable. In comparison, the Boolean method indicated that 5.6% of the area was suitable for constructing SWSRs, while 94.4% was unsuitable. Finally, AHP and ANP techniques are suggested for determining the appropriate locations for constructing SWSRs.

From an organizational standpoint, the gas and petrochemical industries situated in the Khuzestan port area have, despite contributing to the nation's economic prosperity, caused local and regional health and environmental impacts. Therefore, this study initially assesses the petrochemical industry and then focuses on evaluating green supply chain management performance using the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP). To accomplish this, a model was extracted using the Grand Theory method, and the weights for each component of the model, criteria, and sub-criteria were calculated through the hierarchical analysis process, creating a tool for assessing green supply chain management performance in the petrochemical industry. Data collection involved expert consensus, with input and pairwise comparisons from five experts. Data analysis was conducted using Expert Choice software. The results revealed that primary conditions (A) with a weight of 0.307 held the top rank, contextual factors (B) with a weight of 0.239 ranked second, consequences (E) with a weight of 0.223 ranked third, intervening conditions (C) with a weight of 0.133 ranked fourth, and strategies with a weight of 0.098 secured the fifth position within the petrochemical industry's green supply chain.

AbstractThe purpose of this research is to identify the competencies of the members of corporate governance committees in public companies, rank the committees and create an optimal combination of competencies in them in order to implement corporate governance.The statistical population, the members of the mentioned committees and the research method are mixed. In the qualitative part, while studying the background and theoretical foundations, with judgmental sampling, twelve members of the corporate governance committees of state-owned companies and university professors were selected and interviewed, and using thematic analysis method, competencies in three dimensions, eleven components and 55 Indexes were identified.In the quantitative part, with judgmental sampling, fifteen members of the board of directors of state-owned companies implementing corporate governance were selected to complete the pairwise comparison questionnaire, and multi-criteria decision-making methods were used for analysis. The findings showed that risk, audit, service compensation, appointments and strategic committees are ranked as the most effective committees with importance coefficients of 0.976, 0.910, 0.904, 0.872 and 0.846 respectively. The most important components of competence are governance knowledge, management skills and governance skills with weights of 0.125, 0.110 and 0.099. In the end, the optimal combination of competencies in each committee was presented for the optimal implementation of corporate governance.

One of the challenges of the world today is the water shortage crisis. With the occurrence of droughts and indiscriminate harvesting of water reserves, the livelihood of local communities has faced critical conditions. The purpose of this research was to know some crimes related to water and the main causes and factors of committing crimes and finally practical strategies to deal with them. In order to determine the amount of factors affecting the commission of water crimes by using the oral judgment of research experts and pairwise comparison of the main indicators measured in the region, the relative weight of each indicator is determined by Expert Choice software, then strategies to reduce the water crisis and achieve sustainable development was presented. The results showed that the economic index and then the management index with relative weights equal to 0.334 and 0.263 respectively have the most importance in committing crimes in the water area in Kurdistan province, Iran. Finally, management strategies and requirements were presented to reduce the effects of water crisis. The main emphasis of this research is on increasing investments and economic issues in the discussion of water resources.

The purpose of this research is the startup accounting development field’s framework and appraisal in the context of capital market companies. This study is exploratory in terms of the type of objective, and it is considered mixed in terms of the type of data collection. In order to measure the reliability of the identified dimensions, the fuzzy Delphi process was used to examine the confirmed axes from the phase of the fuzzy Delphi analysis, based on pairwise comparison in the quantitative section through the Micmac matrix. The results of this study in the qualitative part, during 13 interviews, identified four categories, 8 components, and 41 themes of the concept and developed them in the form of a multidimensional theoretical framework. In the quantitative section, it was also determined that the effectiveness of the "G_1" educational field strengthening dimension is higher than the other examined dimensions, and this dimension was selected as the most central factor in the development of startup accounting in the context of capital market companies.

The present study aims to compare the effect of academic motivation training and help-seeking strategies on Grit of high school Students. The research method is an experimental field study with a large control group design, including two experimental groups and one control group. The statistical population comprised all ninth-grade students in boys' high schools in Districts 1 and 2, Zahedanin in Academic Year 2020-2021. Sixty students were assigned to three groups of 20, two experimental groups and one control group. In the pre-test and post-test, Duckworth et al.'s grit scale (2007) were answered. Multivariate covariance analysis and Benferroni's pairwise comparison test were used to analyze the data. The findings showed that both academic motivation Training and help-seeking strategies have a significant effect (p < 0.05) on students' Grit. According to the findings, academic motivation Training and help-seeking strategies makes students more persistent and Grit in their educational assignments.

The aim of the present study is to prioritize the innovative organizational factors for state-owned enterprises (case study: Iraq). The research is applied in nature and uses a survey method. Data analysis was conducted using the DEMATEL technique. The statistical population consists of managers of state-owned companies in Iraq, as well as academic professors and experts. The sample size includes ten managers from state-owned companies, selected through random sampling. The research instrument is a researcher-developed pairwise comparison questionnaire. The validity of the questionnaire was confirmed through a review by a group of management professors. The results indicate that the criteria for net impact, in order of priority, are: 1) Strategic, 2) Legal, 3) Organizational, and 4) Technical. The criterion for the outcome (net effect) is also identified as the individual aspect. In the examination of the sub-criteria, determining and focusing on innovative strategies was identified as the most influential sub-criterion, while the development of strategic thinking in employees was identified as the most impactful factor.