The necessity of accomplishing the contract has been expressed in the form of the principle of irrevocability, the irrevocability of fulfilling the contract, fulfilling the covenant, holiness and compulsory of contracts, irrevocability and compulsory of contract. The purpose of all these principles is summarized in the contract and becomes a binding force as soon as it is created, to which the parties participating are bound by its provisions. In jurisprudence and Iranian law, the pacta sunt servanda is interpreted as the principle of the irrevocability of contracts. the pacta sunt servanda has been accepted in jurisprudence and Iranian law. The principle of irrevocability is different from that of the pacta sunt servanda. From 219 of the Civil Code, some have inferred the principle of irrevocability in the position of doubt in the revocability and irrevocability of contracts, and others have inferred the pacta sunt servanda of absolute contracts, both revocable and irrevocable. This article tries to identify the pacta sunt servanda in Iranian law, provisions, concepts, and sources and explain its differences with the principle of irrevocability and similar principles in Iranian law, jurisprudence, and foreign law

The power of attorney contract is an award contract and depending on the duties, the contract of the deceased is terminated or terminated. One of the ways to terminate the power of attorney contract is for the client to dismiss the lawyer from performing the power of attorney case. Individuals in their social relationships can act to achieve some of their goals through advocacy. Article 679 of the Civil Code states: The client can dismiss a lawyer at any time, unless the power of attorney or non-dismissal is stipulated in the necessary contract. Since the power of attorney contract is one of the permissible contracts and can be terminated at any time and without a valid reason, it has caused the parties to not agree with the contract. Irrevocable, some people have turned to power of attorney without resignation or power of attorney without resignation. Power of attorney is power of attorney that the client does not have the right to dismiss. Then, the validity of non-dismissal power of attorney, methods of creating non-dismissal power of attorney and its effects have been examined. Information is filing.

Nowadays, in accordance with multiplicity and unpredictability of commercial and non-commercial risks in international trde field, providing security in international commercial contracts has gained significant importance. Contracts which provide guarantee in international trade field, by regarding these two necessities , have the responsibility of providing guarantee and security in all types of international commercial contracts with each of them due to specific qualities and merchants's requirements are used in different domains. Although these contracts include a wide range of contracts but it could be said that they generally comply with the same qualities and disciplines. These mentioned disciplines are:promisory, subordinative, temporary, transferability, irrevocable, indefinite, commutative, procedural,not-suspended, conditional, delayed, and based of moghabeneh. This research whith introducting a number of guarantee-contracts in international trade field, tries to investigate the general requirements of these contracts.

A contract or unilateral legal act, whether irrevocable or voidable, results in some obligations that the obligor must fulfill. The obligor will be exempted of the obligation in case of acting upon the contract contents or the distinctiveness and conditions within it. In other words, it should take place in the exact agreed time and place stated in the contract context, and in case of any expense, it will be up to the party to whom the contract refers. However, in some cases, the contract might be unconditional in terms of time, place, and any expense of fulfilment of the obligation. This issue has drawn the jurists’ attention and has been subjected to lots of disagreements and debates in various assumptions.
This paper, concludes that except for the revocable contract in which time is not estoppel, in the unrestricted contract, the principles of obligation immediate payment, obligation fulfillment in the place of ratification, and payment of the obligation fulfillment expenses by the party benefited from it, are the basic foundations to answer the questions in the all legal and lawful and jurisprudential parts.

The parties can stipulate the “consideration clause” in the most gratuitous contract. Lawyers believe, with the stipulation of this clause, the gratuitous contracts don’t become a consideration contract, but this clause is effective on the nature and consequences of the contract. In this article, we have studied the effects of the consideration clause in the donation, as a most important of gratuitous contracts. The review of the specific provisions governing the donation with consideration shows that a certain basis that would justify these provisions, is not expressed in the legal and Feq books. The provisions governing donation with consideration, especially the irrevocability of this contract, can be explained and justify on the basis of the “Mutuality of obligations” theory. According to this theory, the stipulation of the consideration clause, in some forms of it, causing the mutuality of obligations in a donation and resulting donation with consideration to be irrevocable.

The practice of public notary offices is that while writing document of contracts advocacy, a letter of confess is written regarding conclusion of an irrevocable and disclaimer of right to terminate advocacy. There will be no details of this contract for the third parties. It is a well established and common practice. However, when the cancellation of such clause is claimed, the first court while investigating the common custom, may establish the non conclusion of an irrevocable. At the end it may rule the invalidity of such caluse. This rulling may be confirmed by the appeal court. The courts consider such clause as one wich is not descriptive. For this reason they accept the cancellation of such clause. However this clause is of descriptive character. So the best way is to establish that such clause is not true. In this article, according to the decision of the court, the validity of this condition is discussed. It seams thatin accordance withthe principle offreedom of contract, the legal system should follow thereal intent of the parties to the contract.

Proxyship is a contract in terms of which one party (the client) introduces the other party (the proxy) as his agent to act on his behalf during his life. In its particular sense (proxy in course of claims), Proxyship is agreed upon by both the Imamiyyeh and the four Sunnite schools; however, in its general sense (proxy in the course of contracts) the Imamiyyeh practices it in all sorts of contract, but the four Sunnite schools practice it only in selling and buying. Both Shiite and Sunnite jurists have agreed on the legitimacy of Proxyship offering some verses from the Qur’an and traditions from the Sunnat as their proof. As to the exceptions, all schools have disagreed regarding it irrevocable. The terms of Proxyship agreed by all jurists are: intention, competence, lack of interdiction, rational and legal ability. They have disagreed, however, on exceptions and other terms, as they did on the conditions of the proxy himself. The contract of Proxyship has four essential parts according to the Imamiyyeh, three according to the Malekite and the Hanbalite, and one according to the Hanafite. This paper tries to comparatively review the above issues.

Suspension causes paralysis of a contract, but it does not stop and do not cause death. In other words, the suspension is the temporary suspension of the implementation of the obligations of one or both sides of the work relationship, which may be forcible or optional. Maintenance of the work relationship and retaining work records prior to the suspension are two absolute and irrevocable effects of the suspension. The two other effects of suspensions are the following: including of a suspension period as part of the work record and the non-payment of the wage during the period of suspension. Here, the different types of suspension, with respect to these two effects of the suspension, have different characteristics and legal effects. On the one hand, including of  periods of suspension as periods of employment or as retirement records, On the other hand, cases of suspension of a work contract without payment of salary and benefits of suspended periods, cases of suspension of employment contract with payment of salary and benefits of suspension by employer, Finally, the cases of suspension of employment contract with compensation or unemployment benefit by the social security organization are discussed in this article by descriptive-analytical method.

Either private or juridical persons who grant agency to others is not principal; however, grant as legal, judicial, or contractual representative. The main question is, “what is the effect of extinction of position of the agent, as the grantor of representation, on the contract and relationship between a principal and mediated agent”? The examination shows that the effect is different from the origin of representation. If the grantor is a guardian or testamentary representative, extinction of position will be lead to termination of the agency contract. If the mediated representative grants agency, there will be various presumptions to examine. In the case of an irrevocable agency or position of purchase, the non-termination of the contract is preferable; furthermore, if a representative of a juridical person like the manager of a company, administer of endowment or director of a public organization, extinction of position of agent does not affect on agency contract.

Any contract in the Iranian legal system contains features that need to be explained in order to better understand the exact terms of agreement. Some such features are related to whether the contract is irrevocable or voidable، gratuitous or with considerations، and may bear upon accountability and suspension، formality or contentment، and so on. In surrogacy، the sperm and egg of an infertile couple are fertilized and then transferred to another woman''s uterus to carry till birth، when the child is delivered to the owners of the sperm and egg. The specific features and uncertain nature of surrogacy specify the standing of this type of contract among others. The present article is aimed to examine the features of surrogacy agreements from ethical and legal perspectives.