Undoubtedly, travelogues do not only have a literary and fictional dimension, but also contain some valuable scientific information about the geography, culture, politics, economy and geography of the regions. Nasser Khosrow's travelogue should undoubtedly be considered one of the most brilliant travelogues of Persian literature, because a masterly sage like Nasser Khosrow, relying on science and knowledge, as well as with complete truthfulness and only by recording his objective observations, away from the interference of emotions. And personal emotions have taken over the pen and created such an effect. The purpose of this article is to identify and analyze the components of urban geography in Naser Khosrow's travelogue. The main question of the article is how the components of urban geography in Nasser Khosrow's travelogue have been identified and studied? The research method in this research is descriptive-analytical. The results of this article show that Naser Khosrow's travelogue is a multidimensional and complete set of information that is significant for any person with different tastes and is one of the most basic sources of research and research in the political, social, anthropological, environmental and historical fields. And are geographical. In this research, after stating the introduction and several definitions, we intend to identify the components of urban geography in Naser Khosrow's travelogue and its various dimensions in Naser Khosrow's travelogue.

Human social life in the twentieth century was transformed and Urbanization was the dominant life pattern. The emergence of large cities around the world was complex and diverse problems for human settlements، therefore Was necessary to establish some degree of order to the city tocomprehensive study the urban complex problems. It is clear that geography is one of the pioneers in the field of urban reaserch and education. Although a long-standing history of geography، As long as human life، but urban geography has a short history. Urban geography quickly grew and spread in short period، and became one of the most apply fields. At the same time، urban planning was formed and began its evolution، more rapidly than expected. Urban planning In the West and in developing countries to become an professional fields. Often there is consensus that urban geography and urban planning are both modern science and interdisciplinary nature،And clear links in their evolution. This paper is a descriptive and analytical approach by using written sources and texts for analysis and evolution of interdisciplinary nature of both. While the urban geography is its interdisciplinary nature، it has become part of the new urban planning discipline. Urban planning، by use of geography and other urban sciences، create a new interdisciplinary discipline. Urban planning create one integrate field from variety of applications to solve urban problems.

The location of the Islamic Consultative Assembly enjoys a variety of research capacities. The study of the historical geography of the area is a relevant research field. Given that geography is the ground for historical events and developments, and given that the Assembly has been among thefundamental axes of historical, political, social and economic issues in the country ever since it was established, the historical geography of this place can offer interesting information and probably new scientific achievements. The present article aims to explore the history of Baharestan Square prior to the establishment of the Assembly, the surrounding historical and cultural locations, the way the structure of the square was shaped, its developments over the course of time, and the current situation based on documents and evidence. The period studied encompasses the time Tehran became the capital until the present time. This study can be regarded as an interdisciplinary study in the fields of urban geography contemporary history and Tehran’s architecture.

During the Qajar period, every year a huge number of Iranians traveled to Iraq in the form of caravans of pilgrims, pilgrims and funeral processions .The movement of these caravans towards the western borders of the country had many effects and consequences .The basic questions of this research are: What are the characteristics and conditions of the Tehran-Kermanshah route as the main road of the country's western borders in this period? And what effect has it had on the urban and human geography of the region, especially the establishment and development of the city of Sultanabad (Arak)?This research, relying on the information available in historical sources and with a descriptive-analytical approach, tries to examine this road and its conditions and status in this historical period, as well as the role of caravans on the urban and human geography of this road .The results of this research show that the Tehran-Kermanshah highway, as a part of the historical corridor of the Silk Road and the route of caravans (pilgrims, pilgrims, etc.), despite not having suitable quality conditions, has had important effects on the urban and human geography of the region, including Its role is the establishment, growth and development of the city of Sultanabad (Arak).

Neighborhood as the most important crucial part of city and the least Political-Managerial Organization and the smallest Social domain, is studied for enjoyment of varied dimensions by diversity scientific- artistry course. Purpose of the present article is the scientific assessment of articles that has been publicized in Iran The statistical community is 102 scientific-research articles written in the field of urban geography and available to everyone, which were used according to the PRISMA standard checklist and 27 indicators to analyze the articles in the framework of the qualitative meta-analysis method. In this evaluation, themes and concepts such as: topic, pattern, nature and purpose, the way of using theory, research style and method, data collection method and geographical area, the approach of each of the articles and finally the classification and presentation of their results have been discussed. The results of the article showed that the most attention of geographical articles is firstly on neighborhood development (44% of articles) and secondly on social dimensions (35% of articles) and other topics in the study of urban neighborhoods. Dispersion and disintegration of the studied themes; Relying on quantitative methods, overemphasizing the questionnaire technique and solely relying on the description or analysis of the information extracted from it (44% of the articles), the abundance of imitation works in the discussion of the sustainability of neighborhoods, sustainable development of the neighborhood, etc. (38% of the articles), the distortion of the database. Methodology (78% of articles), the lack of theory production is the dominant feature of neighborhood research. Most of the studied articles lack correct theoretical foundations and are limited to the concepts, background and introduction of some concepts and theories incompletely in the theoretical foundations section (71% of the articles). Most of the themes studied cannot be considered neighborhood studies, but rather a description of a variable in the neighborhood, that too in an isolated and disjointed way.

Good Urban Governance Is Necessarily Based on The Political Activism of Citizens, Which in Fact Results in Empowerment. The Citizenship System in The Urban and Political System of The Country Has Not Grown Much for Various Reasons, Including Cultural-Political and Even Geographical Centralism. Achieving Both Levels of Citizenship, As Stated in Marshall Citizenship Theory, Requires Both Political Activism and Empowerment. This Article Addresses This Issue. The Research Method of The Article Is Explanatory and It Is Hoped That It Has Added to The Richness of Urban Geography Knowledge Literature. The Results of This Article Indicate That Good Governance Is Based on Asset-Based Urban Policy, Which Carries Both Empowerment and Emphasizes the Process of Political Activism of Citizens and Civil Society. The Results of This Article Indicate That Good Governance Is Based on Asset-Based Urban Policy, Which Carries Both Empowerment and Emphasizes the Process of Political Activism of Citizens and Civil Society.

IntroductionHistorically, the knowledge and its production, as the key driver of civilization and economic prosperity, have been crucial to the development and competiveness of any city and region. However, over the past several decades, the importance of scientific development in new theory of development discourse has been raised and global village goes into the global information order. The cities that have been always home to civilization gained unprecedented importance and placed in the core of production, exchange, and knowledge. Nowadays, many of cities around the world have been faced with massive transformations of urban areas due to dynamic processes of spatial and economic restructure where physical commodity replaces by very delicate forms of production (knowledge). Accordingly, this paper aimed to scrupulously describe these transformations and identify the role of knowledge in the development as well as the interaction of knowledge and city development. In addition, this paper sought to examine the most important characteristics of scientific papers in the knowledge production. Finally, according to these characteristics and criteria, we review and analyze scientific papers of urban geography.
MethodologyThis paper is based on combined method. Delphi technique and content analysis were used as a qualitative method. Additionally, quantitative method and analysis including spectral questionnaires and one sample T-test and Friedman test were used. AHP method was employed to calculate the weight of each factor and indicator according to the expert's opinions. Qualitative data was collected by the snowball sampling method and quantitative data was acquired through questionnaires that examined 50 scientific articles in urban geography journals from expert perspectives. In this step, we used the random sampling method to determine the sample size.
Results and discussionBased on literature review and expert’s consensus 7 criteria and 21 sub-criteria was selected. Criteria ranking via AHP showed that meaningful and creativity criteria gained highest ranking and lowest ranking was for adequately present and language. Investigation of 50 scientific research of urban geography indicates that those Criteria’s that have more important role in the production of knowledge from expert perspectives have had low ranking at scientific articles in the field of urban geography. Accordingly, it can be said that despite the importance of " Novelty, Creativity and Meaningfulness ", " Sound methodological basis” and ” following appropriate ethical guidelines " criteria in the production and development of science, unfortunately, scholars has been little attention in the field of urban geography.
Table 1: Comparing the ranking of criteria from experts’ perspectives and the results of the articles investigation
Expert’s ranking Results from papers investigation
1 Novelty, Creativity and Meaningfulness Meaningful Relevance
2 Sound methodological basis Adequate presentation, style, and language
3 following appropriate ethical guidelines
Transparency and clarity
4 Meaningful Relevance High standards of scholarship in argument and interpretation
5 High standards of scholarship in argument and interpretation Sound methodological basis
6 Transparency and clarity following appropriate ethical guidelines
7 Adequate presentation, style, and language Novelty, Creativity and Meaningfulness
ConclusionFindings revealed that knowledge capitalism has emerged in the post-industrial world, and advanced communities struggle to achieve a knowledge-based economy. In this context, cities plays a central role in this process and in order to create a sustainable competitive advantage trying to adapt with it. These trends and Transformations alerts us to the great mission of researchers and scientists in the field of urban studies in order to produce and exchange of basic knowledge in the field of urban issues. Moreover, they must create an urban environment in which development of science and technology motivated. The twenty-first century is millennium in which inattention and negligence to knowledge lead to negative consequences and will bring very unpleasant problems. In other words, South global become home to a variety of issues and challenges, and citizens will be ' remote control workers via low wages”. Investigation of criteria and papers also indicate that in the expert's view, ‘Novelty, Creativity, and Meaningfulness’, ‘ Sound methodological basis ’ and ‘following appropriate ethical guidelines’ criteria obtain higher rankings than other criteria in the production of knowledge while the scientific research articles in urban geography have been little attention to them.

According to the path of economic growth theories, especially the introduction of endogenous growth theories to address the shortcomings of extrinsic theories, shows that economic systems in order to achieve long-term economic growth goals need to drive stimuli and improve endogenous components that originate, crystallize, and evolve from within these systems. In some endogenous growth models have stated that one country could be more successful than another if it devoted more resources to innovation. So today, the study of how to create innovation in various economic systems has become a challenging issue in the world's economic circles. An innovation system that can be implemented and applied in urban geography overcomes many urban, regional, and even national problems. Therefore, it is expected that the establishment of an appropriate system of urban innovation, given the specific conditions in each city, will make it possible to turn challenges into opportunities. Hence, this study examines the importance and status of Urban Innovation Systems (UIS).

One of the most common and important methods for the regulation, presentation and analysis of scientific findings is the use of statistics science. In the science of geography, the use of quantitative statistics and data is considered necessary. It is also evident in various geography disciplines, including urban geography. The purpose of this study was to visualize facts within the data and analyze them on the basis of statistical information. In order to carry out this task, it was attempted to establish a relationship among population, urban utilities and their waste production in SPSS software using statistical analyses. In this regard, two methods of Inter Regression Analysis and Stepwise Regression Analysis were used. The results of the analyzed data showed that the population and urban utilizations in Tehran justify the garbage produced in different regions in terms of volume, size and shape.

Contemporary literature, sociology and urban geography are one of the major characteristics of the current metropolises reduced social ties and moral concern of citizens and city views abnormal behavior control. In fact, in addition to numerous criteria to determine the geographic, economic, administrative, technical, network, metropolitan community center - a place in which to fit the increasing population, development of technical work and also raise the expectations of its inhabitants, continuously exposed to various forms of reduced or rupture in the social and moral ties. Accordingly, the concept of neighborhood oriented and analysis of its role in controlling social behavior is an important topic in the field of theoretical is examined. The analytical method and the method of logical reasoning, and the data, including library and documentary studies have examined this issue is. In the end, a central neighborhood and neighborhood planning axis position control unhealthy and abnormal behaviors city will be analyzed.