This research is based on the letters of Imam Ali (AS) in, Nahj al-Balaghah seeking to identify the indicators and characteristics of the servant leadership from his point of view, So its results will be the answer to the ambiguities regarding what the servant leadership .The present research is aimed at a basic research with the strategy of the thematic analysis method and the thematic network. The findings of the study resulted in the identification of 3 dominant themes, 11 inclusive themes, 45 organizing themes, 119 the main themes and 87 sub themes. (The finding shows that from the point of view of Imam Ali) The results of the research indicated leadership is a category based on the three principles of wisdom, faith, and behavior. The practice and leadership behaviors also include six areas of God-centrism, reason-centrism, insight-centrism, moral-centrism, favor-centrism, and Procedure-centrism. The Leadership of the Imam Ali is the Leader of the Servant based on divine faith and divine episteme . Service and serving in his leadership method is a focal point in focusing on educating followers, especially leaders, managers and agents.

In this research, intellect and rationalism have been introduced from the perspective of the traditions of the infallibles as the basis for the types of organizational capital. The strategy of this research is the analysis of the subject in which the literature on organizational capital and then the narratives related to the characteristics of reason are analyzed first using two patterns of Rhine and Bernard, King and Horwax. Then the conceptual framework derived from these themes is analyzed together. The result of the analysis shows that all the features of reason and rationalism in narratives include not only the characteristics of organizational capital, such as social, psychological, spiritual, and human, but beyond them, so that spiritual capital is a manifestation of rationalization in the domain of thought; The psychological capital of a manifestation of rationalism in the field of social traits and social capital is a manifestation of rationalization in the domain of human actions. Therefore, focusing on the concept of reason and rationality in the traditions of the innocent and looking at its dimensions and components can be a new bobby for the development of native-Islamic knowledge in the field of managing capital of the organization.

Universities play a vital role as a needlepoint in changing the progress of the country towards modern Islamic civilization, and the lasting change in it depends on the role of faculty members as the driving engine of the transformation of other components of the university's transformation. In this regard, a native and new framework was presented to solve the existing gaps in the promotion and promotion regulations in order to guide, identify and solve the country's system problems. In terms of philosophy, the current research is an interpretative research based on the interpretation of data and findings, and in terms of the type of goal, it is in the category of applied research, and in terms of research strategy, it is thematic analysis with an inductive approach. The method of data collection is the review and analysis of sources from the written statements and documents of the Supreme Leader, and the identification and clustering of themes have been used in the data analysis.From a total of 128 sources, 98 basic themes, 18 organizing themes and 4 comprehensive themes were organized. The results show that the local system of promotion and promotion centered on the statistics system of problems and with the main component of problem-finding, problem-solving and with the main component of problem-solving, peer education and with the main component of discipleship, soft war and with the main component of creating hope by explaining the achievements and issues of the Islamic Revolution, It has evolutionary logic.

Today, all the countries of the world are trying to pay attention to the role of higher education in national development and promotion of knowledge and technology. In fact, it can be said that one of the most valuable resources that society has for progress and development is education. Higher education is actually one of the most effective mechanisms of any country to deal with the biggest challenges of this century.The main goal of this research was to identify dimensions and components for evaluating higher education policies. The current research is an applied-developmental research and its method is mixed exploratory (qualitative and quantitative), which uses the qualitative strategy of thematic analysis to analyze and analyze data and count factors and indicators, and quantitative statistical methods are used to rank them. The data were extracted from document review and related literature and in-depth semi-structured interviews. Interviews with 13 experts in the field of higher education and policy making were conducted in a targeted manner until the stage of theoretical saturation. For validation, three procedures of coding test itself, use of independent coders, and receiving feedback from the interviewees were used. For data analysis, concepts were extracted in three stages. Based on this, 8 relational codes (overarching theme), 26 interpretive codes (organizing theme) and 105 descriptive codes (basic theme) related to the evaluation of higher education policies were identified and extracted and ranked using Friedman variance analysis. The results of the research showed that the components of "educational and cultural factors, legal factors and legal institution" are among the most important effective components in the evaluation of higher education policies, and among them, educational and cultural factors have the first priority.

Political systems that have exercised their sovereignty with a tool called the government have adopted an approach and strategy in managing the public affairs of their country that is based on a theory of rationality. The main issue of this research is to find the approach of Islam (verses of the Holy Quran and the narrations of the Infallibles) to rationality and its contributions to government management. This research is of qualitative type and its strategy is Thematic analysis, during which by referring to reliable sources and searching for the word intellect and its derivatives and synonyms, selected verses and narrations were analyzed using King and Horex model until the final network of themes was formed. Which consisted of three main dimensions for rationality, including the contexts, consequences, and areas of rationality (including the three areas of Thoughts, Attitudes and Insights - Tendencies, Motivations and ethos - Actions and Behaviors). In the field of thought, the themes concerning the necessary and minimum conditions of rationality were called "Distinction-oriented" and the themes concerning the ideal and ideal conditions of rationality were called "monotheism". Also in the field of attributes, the themes related to the necessary and minimum conditions were called "moderation- oriented " and the themes related to the ideal and ideal conditions of rationality were called "sublimationism". In the field of actions, the themes related to the necessary and minimum conditions were called "justice-oriented" and the themes related to the ideal and ideal conditions of rationality were called "altruism". Finally, by analyzing the resulting network of topics, the contribution of Islamic rationality grants for government management in the mentioned dimensions was presented

The military expenditure of the IR Iran has always been considered an important concern due to the pressure of comprehensive global sanctions and the nascent nature of the domestic economic system, and compared to other regional countries and trans-regional sworn enemies, it has taken a much smaller proportion. Due to the variety of issues and resources, the military's logistics organization requires efficient and productive economic management to face the existing restrictions and overcome the conditions of the economic embargo ruling the country. This research, while addressing some concepts of defense economics and military expenditures, presents strategies for improving economic management in the military's logistic and examines the limitations and challenges of this field as much as possible. The research strategy is the analysis of the theme and follows the goal of discovery and explanation of the research pattern. By counting the key points from the sources and determining the basic themes for each point, the classification of similar codes in the same classes and the formation of organizing and basic themes have been done. Confirmatory factor analysis has been used to prioritize the results. The results are based on the model based on the multi-purpose of logistics equipment and infrastructure, management of defense resources and credits, reforming the culture of exploitation and consumption, sales and income generation of defense industries, adopting a knowledge-based approach in the production of goods/services, the use of the capacity of the defense sector. private etc. is emphasized.

In recent years, Jihadi management literature has extensively been entered the scientific realm of management discipline. Regarding the emergence and outbreak of management in the context of organization, one can say that it is crucial to identify the Extraction, dimensions and components of Jihadi organizations. This research is aimed to identify and characterize the features of a Jihadi organization in the area of industry. The approach of this research is qualitative and the data are gathered using semi-structured interview method and they are analyzed by content analysis. Taking the main question of the research into account that what the components and dimensions of the pattern of the Jihadi organization in industry sector are, the researcher extracted components of a Jihadi organization and then the extracted conceptual model obtained during the interviews had been inspected and confirmed in focal group meetings. Therefore, it is possible to study a Jihadi organization using four main sections including the foundation of Jihadi organization that contains Jihadi values, Jihadi morale and Jihadi work. This section is regarded as the dominant spirit in organization and performs an important role in formation and distinction of the organization versus others. Other sections of organization should have these features and Jihadi culture. Second section is the production elements which include five items such as human capital, policy making in production, production process and infrastructure, capital and raw material. The third section is Jihadi leadership in organizing things in which the main factors of production would end in goals and ideals under this leadership and organization. The fourth section includes goals and ideals of Jihadi organization in which these organizations are making effort to reach them. In each section, the distinctive aspects of Jihadi organization are inspected and they are compared to other organizations.

Understanding and addressing citizens' demands is crucial for effective policymaking and strengthening the relationship between the government and the public. This, in turn, can increase public satisfaction and trust in the government's role, position, and performance, ultimately contributing to the dynamism and development of society. Conversely, ignoring citizens' demands can lead to disruptions in the citizenship process, destructive actions by citizens, and unnecessary social costs, ultimately perpetuating underdevelopment. Therefore, the stability and order of any society depend on respecting citizens' rights, providing platforms for their realization, and fostering mutually responsive actions by satisfied citizens. Citizens' reactions can manifest in both conventional, law-abiding actions, and unconventional actions aimed at challenging the status quo. The non-fulfillment of citizens' demands and unmet needs can lead to a wide range of constructive and destructive actions, which this study sought to identify and understand. By examining the relationship between citizens' demands, government responsiveness, and societal outcomes, this research aimed to contribute to the development of more effective policymaking and the strengthening of the government-citizen relationship. Ultimately, this knowledge can support the creation of a more stable, equitable, and prosperous society.

This qualitative study aimed to describe and analyze the demands of young citizens and identify the strategies they employed when facing unmet demands. The research utilized a content analysis approach. The data were collected through semi-structured interviews with 30 young people aged 18-35 residing in the city of Yazd. The interviews were conducted in person during the year 2023. Throughout the interview process, the researchers made concerted efforts to build trust and gain the participants' satisfaction by emphasizing ethical commitment, confidentiality, and the principle of secrecy. Participants were given the option to discontinue the interview at any point if they wished to do so. After the interviews were completed, the data were transcribed and analyzed using the MAXQDA software. This approach allowed for a thorough examination and categorization of the themes and patterns that emerged from the participants' responses. By employing this qualitative methodology, the researchers were able to gain in-depth insights into the perspectives and experiences of young citizens, capturing the nuances and complexities of their demands and the strategies they utilized when faced with unmet needs. The findings of this study can contribute to a deeper understanding of the relationship between young people and the government and inform the development of more responsive policies and initiatives.

The data analysis revealed several key themes regarding the demands of young citizens, including negation of demands, realization of subjectivity, social empowerment, and identification of capital-building measures. Additionally, the strategies employed by young people in the face of unmet demands were categorized as boundary activism, civil disobedience, structural empowerment, pragmatic engineering, and identification of exclusionary deprivation. The demands raised in this research align with Marshall's tripartite framework of civil, political, and social rights. Citizens’ initial reaction to unmet demands was often characterized by silence, stemming from frustration and a sense of established failure frequently expressed with the phrase "nothing". These findings resonated with Habermas's theory of legitimacy crisis, which posits that citizens in contemporary societies face crises, such as the legitimacy crisis of social structures due to tensions, conflicts, and social inequalities. The data suggested that citizens were demanding the cultivation of a collective spirit, which depended on trust in institutions that could promote coherence, trust, and social hope through scientific and efficient means. In conclusion, this study provided valuable insights into the complex and multifaceted nature of young citizens' demands and the strategies they employed when faced with unmet needs. The findings underscored the importance of fostering responsive and legitimate governance structures that could address the evolving expectations and aspirations of young people, ultimately contributing to a more stable, equitable, and prosperous society.Drawing on Giddens' theory of the duality of structure and agency, realization of citizenship as a component of modern societies and maintenance of social balance were contingent upon 3 key conditions: an effective government, a market-based economy, and a civil society capable of subjectivity. However, according to the citizens in this study, none of Giddens' three conditions had been adequately met and civil society had gradually been marginalized by a dominant minority. Another common demand expressed by the participants was a focus on developing human capital as a component of sustainable development. The importance of this demand lay in the need to create the necessary conditions for its realization. Regrettably, governments sometimes fail to fulfill their role of addressing the needs of young people, leaving their demands unmet. In such situations, a wide range of constructive and destructive actions may emerge. Some young citizens, upon recognizing inefficiency of the existing structures and institutions, come to a sense of helplessness in resolving crises and addressing issues. This can lead to a dualistic state of detachment from structures, while continuing their ordinary lives without political or civic involvement. This phenomenon can be likened to the concept of isolation or chosen isolation proposed by Robert Merton (1968) or in Karsitzers' view, the prevalence of fatalism. These findings underscored the critical importance of responsive and accountable governance that could effectively address the evolving needs and aspirations of young citizens. Fostering an environment that nurtures human capital development and empowers civil society to play an active role in shaping social outcomes is essential for maintaining social balance and promoting sustainable development.Citizens sometimes express their resistance in everyday, informal, and unorganized ways to confront power structures and systems. According to the data, citizens might engage in civil disobedience, political criticism, and provocation in society. In some cases, they showedtheir resistance through riots, violent protests, and defiance in political matters. Without visible violence, citizens might also resist by neglecting their civic duties, such as not paying taxes and fees, violating city laws, or bypassing organizations hypocritically. Additionally, citizens might express their anger by destroying public facilities or engaging in vandalism. Aligning with Derrida's theory of subversion, citizens might also seek to change gender norms or subvert dominant religious and cultural discourses. For instance, they had decoded hidden messages from the prevailing religious discourse and acknowledged changes in the status of the hijab, clothing, and performance of religious rituals, despite the emphasis of structures on observing Islamic norms. Owing to the Islamic nature of the government, they attributed the non-fulfillment of promises to Islam and chose to revise their values in the face of unmet demands. Furthermore, citizens might reinterpret themselves and employ two-faced tactics to confront the structures they faced. Another strategy was the "trap of deprivation", where citizens, under the existing pressures, developed a destructive perception of structures and resorted to harmful coping mechanisms, such as drug and alcohol consumption, dropping out of school, taking on multiple jobs, selling family assets, suicide, or selling body parts. These actions, while providing temporary relief, often exacerbated their deprivation in the long run as the theory of multiple pressures suggests. These findings highlighted the complex and multifaceted ways, in which citizens exercised resistance and coped with the challenges they encountered within the sociopolitical landscape. Understanding these strategies is crucial for developing responsive and inclusive policies that can address the evolving needs and concerns of the citizenry.The citizens' statements pointed to a complex societal landscape marked by poverty, marginalization, unequal access to resources, dominance of ideology over public space, marginalization of certain groups, and inefficiency and misconduct of institutions. These challenges had forced citizens to adopt a range of positive and negative strategies, each with the potential to both help and hinder societal progress. In some cases, citizens' remedial actions attempted to address gaps and alleviate deprivations, thereby serving the broader interests of the society. However, in other instances, their passivity and inaction could weaken social cohesion. Similarly, their efforts to reinforce societal structures might lead to increased tension and violence, while their self-destructive behaviors and destructive coping mechanisms could exacerbate their own deprivations, trapping them deeper within the cycle of crises and entrenched deprivation. Identifying the full spectrum of citizen demands and strategies is crucial for developing effective policymaking. By understanding the nuanced ways, in which citizens navigate their challenges, policymakers can work to create a foundation for positive change and strengthen societal resilience, preventing the proliferation of undesirable strategies that can further destabilize the social fabric. The key lies in crafting responsive policies and interventions that address the root causes of the citizens' concerns, empower marginalized communities, and foster an environment that cultivates positive, constructive, and sustainable forms of civic engagement. This holistic approach can help break the cycle of crisis and deprivation, ultimately leading to a more equitable and resilient society.

One of the main strategies for the transition to the entrepreneurial university is the establishment of technology transfer offices (TTOs) which enhance the interaction between university, industry, and society and therefore improve the economic and social conditions of society by identifying the needs of the market and society and defining demand-driven research projects in the universities. Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS) is one of the leading universities of Iran which intends to complete the transition to an entrepreneurial university as its third mission. So, this research was conducted to identify the rationales, objectives, challenges and functions of the technology transfer office of Tehran University of Medical Sciences, through applying a qualitative approach and case study strategy. Analyzing the data collected from a group interview (focus group) with 10 academic experts through thematic analysis method has led to the identification of 46 basic themes and 44 organizing themes that have been gathered around four global themes, namely, rationalities, challenges, goals, and functions.