The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of intellectual capital on bank performance with the mediating role of innovation capability in Islamic Republic of Iran state-owned banks. The research method is applied in terms of purpose and descriptive-survey in terms of nature. The research sample was selected by stratified random sampling method of 285. Data were analyzed using Emus software. The results showed that structural and relational capital affect the ability to innovate and do not affect the performance of the bank, human capital affects the performance of the bank and does not affect the ability to innovate. Also, the ability to innovate has a mediating variable role between structural capital and capital related to the bank's performance and does not have a mediating role between human capital and bank performance. The results of fitting the final model index were confirmed. According to the results of this study, managers of state-owned banks should pay more attention to intellectual capital and innovation capability to increase bank performance.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of corporate governance on the relationship between liquidity risk and credit with the performance of banks accepted in Tehran Stock Exchange. In line with this goal, 10 banks were selected as examples during the 2018-2014 periods. To test the hypotheses, multivariate regression and t-test based on hybrid data have been used. The results of this study showed that there is a significant negative relationship between liquidity risk and the performance of the banks admitted in the stock exchange. In addition, there is no significant relationship between credit risk and bank performance. Then, the effect of corporate governance on the relationship between liquidity risk and credit with the performance of banks accepted in the stock market was investigated. The results indicate that corporate governance has a positive and significant effect on the relationship between liquidity risk and the performance of banks admitted in the stock market; also, corporate governance has a positive effect on the relationship between credit risk and the performance of banks accepted in the Tehran Stock Exchange.

Although banks and financial institutions always face problems and challenges during their activities for various reasons, the main reasons for banking problems are the lack of standards, regulations and single requirements in the world banking industry, lack of attention to risk management and non-compliance with developments. It has been economic and environmental. Bank performance and risk control in banks is one of the most important issues in the banking sector. Considering the importance of bank performance and risk control and the necessity of its correctness, the present research examines the impact of risk tolerance as well as the effects of capital adequacy and corporate governance on Iranian banks. The results of this research, with a linear regression model It has been shown that credit, operational, liquidity and market risks have a significant impact on the bank's performance, and the higher the capital adequacy, the better the bank's performance, and in addition, Paying attention to corporate governance has a significant impact on the bank's performance

In the most countries, particularly developing countries which have undeveloped financial markets, banks play a key role as the most important financial intermediary. Improving the performance of banks can have significant impact on the efficient allocation of financial resources. Bank's performance is affected by internal factors under the control of banks and external factors. Economic freedom can affect the quality of bank's performance through the impact on the environment of exchanges. This paper examines the impact of the internal variables such as bank's liquidity, size, credit risk, non-interest expense to assets and capital ratio and key macroeconomic variables including economic growth, inflation, and economic freedom index on the bank's performance in Iran using panel data model over the period 2005-2012. The results show that the economic freedom and freedom from government intervention indices have negative effect and economic growth rate, inflation rate, bank's capital, business freedom, monetary freedom and freedom from corruption have positive effect on bank's performance in Iran.

This study investigates the effects of financial liberalization on the performance of commercial banks in Iran using time series data from 2001: 1 to 2014: 4. For empirical estimates, this study is used Johansen-Juselius cointegration and vector error correction model. Results of the Johansen co-integration method shows that in the long run variables the loans of the Bank, liquidity, economic growth, financial liberalization, and trade liberalization has a positive effect on the performance of commercial banks and variables such as the ratio of receivables to total loans, as banks and commercial banks are adversely affecting the rate of inflation. Error correction coefficient also shows that in each period 0.28 percent of imbalance performance commercial banks, modified and is moving towards its long-term trend.

Despite having various advantages, Sukuk has complications, primarily due to its different structure compared to bonds and the shared risk between the lender and the borrower. Based on this, this study investigates the effect of investing in sukuk- as a way to finance the bank- on the financial performance of Islamic banks. For this purpose, the data of Islamic banks of 16 selected countries during the period 2019Q1 to 2022Q3 and the econometric method of panel data have been used. The research results showed that investing in sukuk in model 3 (with the dependent variable of return on equity), model 4 (with the dependent variable of capital adequacy), and model5 (with the dependent variable of the rate of return on assets) has a negative and significant effect on the financial performance of banks. Additionally, in model 2 (with the dependent variable of net profit margin), the impact of investing in sukuk on the financial performance of banks is positive and significant. Finally, investing in sukuk in model 1 (with the dependent variable of financing growth) does not have a significant effect on the financial performance of banks. Also, the bank size variable has a positive and significant effect in models 1 and 2, and a negative and significant effect in model 5 on bank performance variables, and it has no significant effect on banks' performance in other models. The inflation rate variable has a positive and significant effect on bank performance variables in models 3, 4, and 5 of the research, but has no significant effect on bank performance in other models. Similarly, the per capita income in models 2, 3 and 5 has a positive and significant effect on bank performance variables, while in other models it has no significant effect.

Crude oil is the most important input in production, and its price shocks are remarkable because of its significant impact on the real economy. Oil is important in economic activity and financial markets. The shock of oil prices may also affect the performance of banks, with adverse effects on macroeconomics such as consumption and investment. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of oil price shocks on the performance of banks in Iran during the period of 1385 to 1395. EGARCH model was used to calculate oil price shocks. The statistical sample includes the following banks: Pasargad, Ansar, Tejarat, Khavar miyane (Middle East), Sina, Saderat-e-iran (Iran Export), Karafarin (Entrepreneur), Mellat, Eghtesad-e-novin (New Economy) and Parsian (Persian). In order to evaluate the Bank's performance, the CAMELS rating system indicators (capital adequacy, asset quality, management efficiency, earnings, and liquidity) were considered. The research findings show that oil price shocks have a significant effect on banking performance so that an increase in oil price will lead to a decrease in bank performance with respect to CAMELS’s pattern.

Privatization which refers to the transition of ownership and management of state-owned enterprises to the private sector, is one of the main drivers of economic prosperity. In this paper, the performance of the state, private, and privatized banks have been compared through examining the effects of privatization in the banking system on its performance. The data from 11 banks during the 13-years period (2005-2017) has been used in this research. Due to the time of major privatization (2009) and the imposition of restrictions on the banking system in the form of sanctions, two dummy variables are used to distinguish their effects. To this purpose, panel regression, parametric and non-parametric tests have been used that have all the same results. The results of panel regression model which is used to examine the effects of privatization on the profitability of the entire banking system showed that privatization has had a positive and significant effect on the performance of banks in terms of profitability. In the first step, parametric and non-parametric tests have been used with the aim of comparing the performance of privatized banks with that of private and state banks in the period before and after privatization; then, these tests were used with the aim of comparing the performance of privatized banks in the period before and after the privatization. The results showed that there were significant differences in these two periods. In the third step, the performance of privatized banks in the period before and after privatization with state and private banks were compared. The results showed that the performance of privatized banks was only improved compared with state banks and was almost the same as private banks.

The determinants of banks' profitability and performance in the literature have been investigated in this study in a large and detailed way. However, there is little study about the banking sector and in emerging markets. In this paper, an analysis was conducted to determine the internal factors affecting the performance of banks in Iran using the spatial data during 2011-2016. In this research, the relationship between bank performance and financial firmness in eleven banks accepted in Iran's stock exchange and farabourse has been investigated using panel data regression. In the case of the deferred loan ratio variable, it can be seen that this variable has a negative relationship with the rate of return of the shareholders. Also, the bank's liquidity level and interest margin to gross income also have a negative relationship. As a result, in order to increase profitability, banks must take care of the quality of the loans they grant.

According the importance of corporate governance and its role on the responsibility and financial transparency, the relations between corporate governance and information transparency and their impacts on banks performance is evaluated. The purpose of this study is to find an answer to the question that what is the relationship between corporate governance with disclosure of information and performance of banks and whether the indicators introduced for measuring corporate governance have the ability to accurately measure this variable for the banking system? So, the relationship between corporate governance indicators and information transparency and their impact on banks' performance has been investigated by using dynamic panel data model and information related to 16 banks from the country's banking network in the period 2007-2019. Results shows that there aren’t any significant relations between corporate governance and information transparency indices and banks performance. So, the corporate governance didn’t have any significant impact on the disclosure of information. Also, indices of information transparency have a significant positive relationship with bank performance in both models. According to finding because the corporate governance couldn’t impact on the information transparency it couldn’t on impact the bank performance. Also, the joint variable for size and dummy for big banks that applicated for asymmetry information have a significant positive relation with bank performance.