The main issue in the current research is to evaluate the performance of family courts regarding the judgments issued regarding the marriage allowance and its current judicial procedure in Iran's legal system. In this article, an attempt is made to analyze and examine the existing practical procedure in the courts as well as the jurisprudential and legal foundations of the demand for marital alimony, and also to express examples of conflicting opinions issued in the judicial courts to evaluate and criticize the legal citations and the existing judicial procedure. Because the existence of loopholes and ambiguities in the field of legislation has caused the lack of uniformity of procedure in the courts and the emergence of confusion and the issuing of mixed opinions from the family courts. In this research, the type of research is basic and the research method is descriptive and analytical, and since judicial procedure is considered as one of the sources of law, it has been tried as much as possible, in addition to introducing the current procedure, as a witness, some joint rulings from the family courts, which are randomly selected, to be cited and the decrees issued in this field should be analyzed, and as a result, by approving and interpreting the laws related to reciprocity and issuing unanimity votes in issues where conflicting opinions have been issued, implementation challenges can be minimized.

Sexual violence perpetrated by the husband is one of prevalent forms of domestic violence. Women victims of marital sexual violence take action for divorce. Because the law does not recognize sexual violence as a legitimate reason for divorce, they file Osro-Haraj lawsuits. Because the legislature has left the determination for such cases to judicial interpretation, there is rampant disagreement among judges. The purpose of this study is to determine what factors influence judicial interpretations of Osro-Haraj in divorce cases due to marital sexual violence. To find the answer to this question, the case study method was utilized, including in-depth interviews with 10 judges, 10 lawyers and 35 victims, content analysis of verdicts and non-participatory observation by attending court hearings. The findings reveal that judicial interpretations are influenced by factors such as the judicial stereotypes, policies that aim to keep divorce statistics low, the male-dominated nature of family courts, the wife's reluctance to forgo dowry, etc. The above-stipulated factors preclude the judicial system from recognizing marital sexual violence as a form of Osro-Haraj. In addition to amending and revising the divorce laws, protection of martial violence victims requires a transformation in the male-dominated nature of the courts by appointing female judges.

Electronic litigation is defined as the process of conducting legal proceedings electronically, from filing a lawsuit and serving legal documents to the adjudication of the case, issuance of judgments, and their enforcement. The acceleration of case resolution, the establishment of universal access to justice, cost reduction, and improved quality of litigation are among the key achievements of electronic litigation. In line with these advancements, many legal systems have been striving to develop laws and regulations to facilitate the implementation of electronic litigation, including in the realm of family disputes. Fundamental principles such as speed, the acquisition of evidence, and reconciliation hold significant importance in family disputes, making the adoption of electronic case management systems in family courts even more crucial. This research, using a descriptive-analytical approach, examines the current state of Iran's legal system regarding the application of electronic tools in family disputes. After analyzing existing laws and regulations, it concludes that although Iran's legal framework does not explicitly provide for a separate electronic litigation system for family disputes, general laws and regulations concerning electronic litigation, such as the registration of lawsuits, referral, service of legal documents, holding court sessions, access to case files, obtaining witness statements, judicial inquiries, and enforcement of judgments, can be applied in family litigation. Overall, the current situation indicates that family courts can be categorized under the second category of electronic litigation, alongside semi-electronic and fully electronic systems.