During the nationalization of the oil industry, political parties and groups were very active in Hamedan. The Tudeh Party was one of the parties operating in the form of associations and a united council of workers and toilers. Opposing the National Movement and Mossadegh's government, the party was often involved with the "Hamadan National Movement Supporters Association." The trade union and the united council of workers and toilers of this party and other party organizations, such as the "House of Peace", played an effective role among the workers of Hamedan factories through their activities in the workers' strikes. The purpose of this article was to analyze the activities of the Tudeh Party and the council among the workers of Hamedan.The present article is based on data extracted from archival documents and library resources. The findings of the study show the activity of the Tudeh Party and the United Council of Workers and toilers of the Hamadan branch in opposition to the national movement, by recruiting workers and holding labor strikes in factories in Hamadan. Thus, for the first time, the labor movement in an organized way raised new trade unions and political-economic demands and created political and security problems for the officials of Hamedan

During the last few decades, the city of Hamedan has experienced extensive growth and change, which have led among other things to the emergence and expansion of the city’s slums. This article has been prepared based on the results of the authors’ field survey in the period 2005/6-2008/9 as well as supplementary information collected through some important social studies in the slum areas of Hamedan. Results indicate the importance of rural-urban migration in the expansion of Hamedan and the growth of its slums which now comprise 30 percent of the city. Furthermore, marginalization is found to be a serious challenge to sustainable and healthy urbanization. Marginalization is associated with high rates of addiction and prostitution in Dizaji, youth crime in Khazer, and dilapidated infrastructure in Nabowaat.

o evaluate the response of different garlic accessions to weed competition in Zanjan, west of Iran, a factorial experiment was carried out based on randomized complete block design with three replications in 2015-2016. Four variety of garlic (Hamedan 1, Hamedan 2, Hamedan 3 and Tarom) at two weed infestation conditions (whole season weed infestation and weed-free) were studied. The results indicated that responses to weed interference were significantly affected by accession. Hamedan 2 and Hamedan 3 accessions showed a considerable reduction in most traits under weed competitions while Tarom accession showed highest reduction that was most likely due to low competitive ability. Overall, Hamedan1 accession is recommended for cultivation in cool season regions such as Zanjan, due to the higher yield and lower yield decreases under weedy conditions.

The present paper aims to compare the current status of Hamadan province public libraries with the Iranian Public Libraries Foundation's Outlook in 1404. This study has been carried out using a comparative method. A checklist was used to collect data based on statistics from the top countries, where the indicators of 'resources', 'space', 'membership', 'library material circulation' and 'staff' are concerned. Following this, the data were compared with the latest statistics relating to Hamadan province public libraries. The results showed that in terms of indicators of resources, space, membership, library material circulation and staff, Hamadan public libraries have a long way to go before they can achieve to the Iran public libraries Foundations Outlook. In order to achieve this honor, 5176927 books, 73 libraries, 429,764 members, 7,743,877 circulated library materials and 636 employees need to be added to Hamadan province public libraries. Originality/Value: A comparison between the public libraries of Hamadan province and the Iran public libraries Foundation's Outlook can provide a clear picture of the current status of these libraries. Therefore, the results of this study can be useful for managers, planners and policy makers of Iran public libraries foundations.

Hamadan-Bahar plain has long been geographically and strategically characterized with different economic patterns and areas of its surroundings. The attention of Hamedan to the rulers during the Salajeq period also indicates its importance due to its special place in the Jebal state. the present paper investigates the most important of subsistence patterns on hamedan-Bahar plain and the effect of communication roads and environmental factors on the economy of this region. this study using library studies (Geographical and historical literature of the Islamic period), according to the nature of historical research and descriptive - analytical method, it has been descriptive to explain the economic situation of hamedan from the third century to 13th centuries. The results of the research show that the existence of two essential factors, including the favorable environmental status (temperate mountain climate with fertile soil) and other targeting of hamedan on the most important routes of east to west and vice versa, There has been a factor in the cultivation and frequency of all sorts of agricultural products as well as the presence of businessmen and local and foreign businessmen in the city That led to the economic boom in the region.

One of the common criteria in regional Development planning is the ranking of regions based on their share of different development indicators. In the present study attempts are made to investigate development indicator in townships of Hamedan province by using factor analysis and cluster analysis techniques. The research strategy quantitative- analytical and the member of indicator under study was 44. The result of using factor analysis is the reduction of 44 research indicator into five final factors based on the calculated factorial advantages, the result of using cluster analysis technique is dividing townships of Hamedan province into four homogeny gropes. Based on the combination indicator of townships calculated by makgranahan technique, the townships of Hamedan province have been categorized into 4 levels: Very developed level: Hamedan Developed level: Malayer under developed level: Nahavand Deprived and non-developed level: Kobudarahong, Razan, Tuiserkan, Bahar and Assadabad.Key Words: development indicators, factor analysis, makgranahan, Hamedan province.Key Words: development indicators, factor analysis, makgranahan, Hamedan province.

Tax booklets are significant historical evidence from the Qajar era. Most of these booklets have been written in Siyaq chirography, containing valuable information about the Qajar period's economic, social, cultural, and local history. Taking advantage of a historical approach and statistical techniques, the present article aims to review and process revenue and expenditure booklets of Hamedan and Qaraguzlū in the years 1304 and 1306 AH: how Hamedan Province's taxes were collected and spent during this time. The primary data used to answer this question are extracted from the revenue and expenditure booklets. Historical sources and contemporary studies are also used to explain the technical terms used in these tax booklets. The study results indicate that the tax on agricultural lands was an essential taxation resource. It was mainly allocated to the tribal chiefs and military costs and the expenses related to court, rulers, and alderpersons. The budget for construction substructures and agriculture development was relatively insignificant.

In the context of Hamadan, recognized as a significant new urban center in the country, substantial challenges in urban management processes have emerged, encompassing both organizational and external dimensions. Recent years have witnessed mismanagement in service delivery, spatial injustices, physical-spatial disparities, lack of transparency in presenting plans and programs, and an increase in civic problems, exacerbating issues within the city. This complex scenario has the potential to escalate into serious regional crises. Acknowledging the urgency of addressing this matter and emphasizing the need for regional studies, the present research investigates the indicators of good governance in Hamadan, categorized by different regions. Employing a descriptive-analytical approach and utilizing a quantitative method, the study involves experts from the Hamadan management team, with a sample size of 35 individuals. The research findings, analyzed through average test models in SPSS software and the TOPSIS multi-criteria decision-making model in MATLAB software, reveal that the good governance indicators in Hamadan are not in a desirable state, particularly with districts 3 and 2 facing severe deficiencies in urban governance indicators.