The war imposed by Iraq against Iran and the resistance and standing of the Iranian society against the Iraqi Baath regime and its other regional and international supporters are considered one of the most important pages in the history of Iran. The eight-year war deserves attention and investigation not only from the political aspects but also from the cultural and social aspects. The wills of warriors and martyrs are among the most important and valuable documents and written cultural and spiritual heritage left over from the Iran-Iraq war, which unfortunately have received less attention from researchers in the field of social sciences. Studying and examining these written documents and analyzing them in the framework of scientific methods will provide a relatively clear picture of the different aspects of the war and the thoughts and beliefs of the warriors. Because the beliefs and beliefs of a nation are reflected in the literature and written heritage of that nation. Now that the war has ended, the investigation and study of the heritage of the field of sustainability literature and the wills of martyrs can lead to understanding the deeper aspects of the war and getting familiar with the culture of sacred defense and its spiritual achievements. In this research, while analyzing the content of wills, the most important concepts and categories extracted from them are mentioned. This study is a descriptive and analytical study and the statistical population of the study is martyrs of holy defense of Guilan province. In this research, 97 wills of martyrs were examined and analyzed. By using the content analysis method, 17 categories were extracted while examining and reading the text of the wills several times. Since content analysis refers to a method that is used regularly and objectively to determine the characteristics of messages. In this research, in order to investigate the themes of the topics mentioned in the wills by reading them repeatedly and carefully. An attempt is made to identify the most prominent content and thematic features of the wills of Guilani martyrs of holy defense. By analyzing the content of the wills of the martyrs of Guilan, 17 categories were extracted and these categories were defined in the form of three broad categories. Therefore, in total, the testament of Gilani martyrs includes three categories of religious and religious, political-economic and socio-cultural themes. According to the high frequency of the category of Imam Hussain (peace be upon him) and Muharram (58 cases/59.79%) and Mahdism (56 cases/57.73%), among religious themes, Imam Khomeini (RA) (80 cases/80.41) in political themes Economic and family category (60 items / 61.85) Among the social and cultural themes of the wills of Gilani martyrs, it can be found that religion and religious and Shiite beliefs are the most important motivational factors for the presence of warriors in the battle front and the defense of national and territorial identity. and on the other hand, from the point of view of the martyrs, the school and path of Imam Khomeini (RA) was considered the continuation of the ideals of Karbala and Mahdism. In the thought of the martyrs, the family as the most central social institution has the most important role in the continuation of the culture and the system of beliefs and convictions and the society, and as a result the life of the belief system and the Islamic and Iranian belief system depends on the preservation and protection of this important and influential institution. The social and upbringing of the generation believes in Islamic and Iranian values. Recognizing and studying the thoughts and ideals of the martyrs can lead to the re-creation and reproduction of the values ​​of the Iranian society and its application in social and political policy making.

Will is one of the techniques of prose that states Important community issues. Will، in the Jahilid period was according to Interpreting minds and personal experience as wills in Islamic period was according to Quranic style that states Islamic ideology. This article will discuss and compared to Two Wills، One of the Gaheli period and other of islamic period، and makes The result that Abubakar Will about caliphate was according to Will Abdshms and Jahilid period and reveals that caliphate problem at the beginning of islamic period was according to Jahilid tradition not based on tradition of the prophet.

In most legal systems of the world, the execution of a will requires the observance of certain requirements. These requirements, which traditionally deal with paper wills, have given rise to formal, holographic, and secret wills in Iranian law, and to formal, holographic, and notarized wills in American law. An important question that arises with the advancement of technology and the development of electronic communications is: if the testator wants to execute a will in the electronic space, what place will these traditional requirements have in it? In other words, are traditional requirements followed in executing an electronic will or not? In this article, an attempt is made to provide an answer to this question through the library method. In this regard, while reviewing the traditional requirements of executing a will, the hypothesis is proved that in Iranian law, traditional requirements are followed in electronic will-making; requirements that, due to some shortcomings in the field of legislation, have prevented the electronic execution of formal and secret wills. In American law, however, there is a disagreement: on the one hand, the famous Castro and Horton cases in judicial proceedings and the Uniform Electronic Wills Act imply that electronic wills follow traditional requirements. On the other hand, the Nevada Statute, after deviation from traditional requirements, has introduced new requirements for executing electronic wills.

Writing testament as a social tradition is of background in the ignorance era of Arabs as well as Iran before Islam. In time of Prophet Muhammad-PBUH- this tradition was of religious, advising and Qur’anic structure. Subsequent to the conquests along with the extension of boarders of the world of Islam, writing testament changed as well and it incorporated various political, social, cultural issues. Through the descriptive-analytical method and following the study of writing testament in the early Islam till the end of caliphate of Amir al-Momenin Ali -PBUH- this article tries to answer the following questions: What are the concepts, divisions and style of writing testament in the early Islam? What are similarities and differences of prophet’s testaments and those of his first successors?

Abdul Khaliq, the famous mystic of the 12th century CE and the founder of Khajegan mystical school”, has written a testament to Khajeh Awliyah. Although several manuscripts of the testament are available, academia has not studied it in its researches and scholarly pursuits. The testament can be regarded as one of the oldest manuscripts about the characteristics of Khajegan mystical school, explaining the ethical principles of this mystical school in its founder's words. Unfortunately, numerous sources and catalogues are mistaken in attributing several works to Ghajdwani, and introducing the testament under inauthentic titles. These two mistakes result in wrongful parsing of the testament, and its introduction in a series of abridged, decontextualized and scattered works. Through studying various manuscripts of the testament, it becomes evident that some of the manuscripts have given either an abridged or annotated account of the original testament. Such manuscripts have both misled scholars to attribute ideas and concepts which did not belong originally to the testament in the first place, and bereft scholars of studying some of its redacted parts. Through its editions and corrections, the present study amends the common scholarly mistakes of the registered testament in numerous catalogues and sources. In order to achieve this objective and eliminate inauthentic attribution of unoriginal manuscripts to Ghajdwani, the study reviews the existing manuscripts of the testament, and analyzes their styles and contents.

The aim of this study is the linguistic analysis of Imam Khomeini’s Will based on Searle and Austin theory of speech act and willing to answer to this question that According to Searle and Austin's speech act theory, what actions it will have, and what is the frequency of each action? The comparison and the study of speech acts in 12 over the will showed that the expressive and persuasive actions are most frequent in the will .In order to emphasize the importance and position of the holy system of the Islamic republic of Iran, Imam Khomeini from the sum of 235 in the speech of speech, has used more than active verbs in declaration and persuasion, and by using actions in the form of persuasion act , by means of persuasion , warning , recommendation and explanation , readers will be aware of the different aspects of  tricks of arrogant and their aims

To establish dominant themes in the wills and testaments of the martyred commanders, members of the Islamic Revolutionary Guard from Kerman Province during the Iran-Iraq war.
Method/Research Design: The content analysis was carried out on the full version of the 68 texts. Keywords were extracted using automatic indexing techniques. Based on Bradford's distribution model keywords, 98 out of 1879 were identified as core concepts, which were analyzed by two techniques: hierarchical clustering and social network analysis. The result was compared against a collection of contemporary letters written by soldiers who were killed during the Second World War.
Findings: The maps revealed eight axes in the testaments, including "God" and "Islam". Comparison showed a number of common axes in both groups of testaments. However, significant differences appear to be in the themes and the mentalities of the writers of the two groups. In the Iranian testaments the main feature was belief in Islam and the mention of prominent Shiite figures, in particular Imam Hossein, the grandson of the Prophet Muhammad as well as his followers killed alongside with him in Kerbela.

The wills of the martyrs are different from the usual concept of wills. They contain aspirations, beliefs, as well as the expectations of the writers from the community and the future generation. Martyrs demand what should be in front of what it is. For this reason, in their written works, the road map is mentioned in various dimensions. Education as one of the dimensions of human growth and prosperity is clearly visible in the wills of the martyrs. The extraction of the martyr's educational outlook is somehow a matter of religion and also, it is necessary to clarify their educational concerns and their use as part of the curriculum. The present paper is written based on documentary research and deep content analysis in order to analyze the wills of the martyrs of Kermanshah province with the aim of achieving their educational outlook. To examine this view, two paths have been followed: First, awareness of the educated views of the martyrs that is explicitly expressed; second, familiarity with the educated personality of the martyrs which is possibly based on the comments, recommendations and descriptions of their work in the text of wills. Every educational issue in the will is known as a proposition and the soul of every proposition is also a key factor and a reverse code is derived from a number of key factors for each question. The findings suggest that the martyr's educational outlook is very close to the educational teachings of Islam and is purposeful. In general, in defining the educational outlook of the martyrs, the provision of the wills in accordance with Islamic education has provided the necessary implications for the conclusion and interpretation.

In the 19th century، Iranian and Ottoman statesmen and intellectuals presented their governments with certain proposals for progress. They also made efforts to implement reforms in society. Although certain aspects of their proposals were implemented، the plan for reform did not proceed the way they had expected. For this reason، Fuad Pasha and Ali Pasha، two Ottoman reformers، presented their proposed reforms to the Ottoman Sultan in the form of political testaments towards the end of their lives – testaments which also became entangled with the history of Iran at the same time. On the one hand، it was proposed that Malkam had played a role in writing those testaments، and on the other hand، Mirza Yusuf Khan Mostashar Al-Dowleh later wrote a testament which was similar to that of Fuad Pasha. A comparative analysis of the text of the testaments، the possibility of Mirza Malkam’s involvement، and Fuad Pasha’s influence on Mostashar Al-Dowleh are the issues explored in the present article using an analytical methodology based on historical research.

Teacher training collegians, like other classes, had an active presence during the eight-year holy defense, and research shows that among the martyrs of the eight-year war, some of those honorable martyrs were among the collegians of teacher training centers. Therefore, considering the importance of preserving the values of holy defense and the cause of martyrs, the present research was carried out in order to examine and analyze the wills of teacher training martyrs in South Khorasan, and the method of content analysis and document review was used. The text analysis unit was martyrs' wills. According to the nature of the research, available sampling method was used, and 12 wills of teacher training martyrs were examined. The data obtained from the examination and analysis of the martyrs' wills were analyzed with the method of Gal Et al. Findings from the analysis of wills were categorized in 8 main themes: "Philosophy of being at the front", "The martyrs' view of Imam Khomeini (RA)", "Giving importance to the mosque and ceremonies", "The mission of collegian-teachers", "Guide for the people", "Honor of father and mother", "Respect Hijab and Islamic issues" and "Transmission of Ashura culture". It can be concluded from the findings of the research that the martyrs, with a deep look at the importance of the important mission of collegian-teachers, while conveying the importance of the right education of the future generation in their wills, emphasized on avenging the blood of the martyrs from the enemy. And issues such as paying attention to ceremonies and the importance of praying and continuous attendance in mosques, observing hijab by women and paying special attention to Muharram were part of the will of the martyrs to the collegian-teachers and people.