Twenty advanced barley lines, and two checks (Sararood-1, and local variety) were evaluated under three moisture regimes, i.e. rainfed, one irrigation at sowing, and two irrigations at sowing and flowering time. Three experiments were performed in randomized complete block design with four replications, for three years (2002-2005), at Sararood field station, Kermanshah, Iran. The barley genotypes were evaluated for drought stress tolerance by measuring different stress susceptibility/tolerance indices, using yield performances under rainfed and two irrigations conditions. Screening of tolerant genotypes for drought tolerance was carried out in two steps, first by selecting genotypes with highest sum for ranks of stress tolerance indices, and then eliminating ofthose with higher stress susceptibility indices. Grain yield stability analysis was also performed using Eberhart and Russel’s method. Considering grain yield under stress and non stress conditions, grain yield stability parameters, and values of stress tolerance/susceptibility indices, genotypes 11, 2, 9, 12, 13 along with the checksshowed outstanding performances that could be used in barley breeding programs as well as furher tested in onfarm trials.

To evaluate the genetic diversity and the effect of drought stress on grain yield of wheat, 56 wheat genotypes were evaluated for terminal drought stress tolerance in field environments in the Kermanshah of Iran during the 2010-2011 cropping season. The experiments were conducted at the Campus of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Razi University using alpha-lattice design with two replicates under two different water regimes included non-stress (normal irrigation at all stages of growth) and drought stress (end-season after flowering stage) conditions. Several new stress tolerance indices were evaluated. So that, ten drought tolerance indices including stress tolerance index (STI), relative drought index (RDI), yield index (YI), yield stability index (YSI), drought resistance index (DI), abiotic tolerance index (ATI), stress susceptibility percentage index (SSPI), sensitive drought index (SDI), modified stress tolerance index in normal irrigation (K1STI), and modified stress tolerance index in stress irrigation (K2STI) were calculated based on grain yield under drought (GYs) and irrigated (GYp) conditions. The result of analysis of variance indicated high significant differences among genotypes for grain yield trait. In general, terminal drought stress reduced 27.2% of grain yield. The Shiroudi, Rassoul, Darab-2, Marvdasht, Argh, and Shiraz genotypes which are high reduction of grain yield (61.1, 51.3, 48.4, 44.1, 43.1, and 43.0%, respectively) and also genotypes 318, Ghohar, 330, Mahdavi, and Alamout which are low reduction of grain yield with drought stress (4.1, 4.7, 7.0, 7.5, and 10.2%, respectively). Furthermore, results showed that wheat genotypes can be classified as normal and stress situations using cluster analysis. The correlation analysis among grain yield under non-stress and drought stress conditions with different drought tolerance indices showed that STI, YI, K1STI, and K2STI indices were appropriate indicators to identify the high grain yield genotypes. Based on these indicators, Mughan-1, Golestan, Navid, 330, Darab-2, and Bahar genotypes had the highest grain yield under both experimental conditions. Therefore, these wheat genotypes are suitable for cultivation in Mediterranean regions that are constantly exposed to drought stress at the end of the growing season, and areas with similar climatic conditions. Also, they are recommended to be used as parents for the improvement of drought tolerance in other wheat genotypes.