Diabetes education does not assure adherence to diabetic regimen. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of nurse-led telephone follow ups (Tele-Nursing) program on adherence to diabetic diet among type 2 diabetic patients.Methods & Materials: This was a quasi experimental study. Sixty patients who were registered at Iranian Diabetes Society were selected using convenience sampling method. Data gathering instruments included a data sheet to record glycosylated hemoglobin and a questionnaire. Data were gathered at baseline and 12 weeks after the intervention. First, all participants attended in a three-day self-care education and dietary consultation program at Iranian Diabetes Society. Then, they were randomly assigned to the experiment and control groups. Telephone follow ups were applied in experiment group for 3 months, twice a week for the first month and then weekly for the second and third months. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 13. Results showed that there were significant statistical differences between control and experiment groups in adherence to diabetic diet (P=0.035). There were significant differences in glycosylated hemoglobin between control and experiment groups after the intervention (P<0.000). According to the results of the study, it is concluded that the nurse-led telephone follow ups can improve HbA1c and diet adherence in type 2 diabetic patients.

Tele-education is an effective strategy due to elimination of time and space limitation and establishment of an effective relationship with client. This study was carried out to determine the impact of a tele-education strategy via telephone and short message service on promoting self-care in patients with type 2 diabetes. This experimental study was carried out on patients with type 2 diabetes registered to the Urmia Diabetes Association. Sixty six patients were selected and randomly allocated into two intervention and control groups. Data were gathered using the Summary of Diabetes Self- Care Activities questionnaire. The education and telephone follow ups had given to the intervention group during 12 weeks. Data were analyzed using the Chi-squared test، paired t-test and independent t-test. Findings of the study showed that self-care activity was increased in the intervention group after the education and telephone follow ups. After the intervention، the mean score of the self-care activities were 53. 33 ± 16. 97 and 103. 67 ± 7. 46 in the control and intervention groups، respectively (P<0. 001). There were significant differences in the mean scores of the self-care behaviors in the areas of adherence to diet، physical activity، blood sugar self-monitoring، adherence to medication regimens، foot care and overall self-care in the intervention and the control groups (P<0. 001). Telephone follows ups and tele - education by nurses had important effects on promoting self-care activities among patients with type 2 diabetes.

Non-adherence to treatment is a common problem in diabetic patients. Nurse-led Telephone follow-up by nurses can be effective in maintaining consistent care to these patients and improving their knowledge and performance. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the effect of nurse-led telephone follow-up on adherence to treatment in patients with type 2 diabetes. The present quasi-experimental study was conducted on 60 patients with type 2 diabetes, admitted to a diabetes clinic in Aligudarz, Iran. Samples were selected using the convenience sampling method and randomly divided into the experimental and control groups. All participants first received 3 days of diabetes self-care training, and the experimental groups had twelve weeks of telephone follow-ups. Data on the patients’ glycosylated hemoglobin and treatment adherence were collected at baseline and again 12 weeks after the intervention. Results obtained showed a significant increase in the mean scores of treatment adherence and reduction of 1.39% in the mean glycosylated hemoglobin levels of the experimental group (p<0.001). Findings of the present study showed nurse-led telephone follow up is an effective method for improving glycemic control and adherence to treatment in patients with type 2 diabetes.

Complications of brain damage are one of very important issue and a potential barrier to the optimal recovery of these patients. Hospital based training of family caregivers have not been able to solve the various problems of the patients and their families. The goal of this research is to determine the effect of empowering family caregivers of brain damaged patients base on problem solving by telephone follow-ups on knowledge, attitude and skills of caregiving.
This study is a randomized clinical trial with a control group. Sixty caregivers of brain damaged patients were selected by convenience sampling and were randomly allocated to experimental (30 people) and control group (30 people). In the control group routine care was provided to patients until their discharge from hospital. In the experimental group a training program for family caregivers based on problem solving at the patient's bedside was initiated and after discharge from hospital they were followed up by telephone for 8 weeks. Data collecting tools in this study was a researcher-made questionnaire including information on demographic factors, awareness, understanding and skills of caregiver. The validity of the questionnaire was checked and confirmed by experts and the reliability of it was examined and confirmed by Cronbach's alpha. This questionnaire was filled out by caregivers before and after the research. Then the data were analysed with SPSS V.16 by independent Mann-Whitney T test and Wilcoxon's matched pairs T test by repeating measurement.
Based on independent T-test there wasnt a significant difference among means of scores of awareness, understanding and skills of control group and experimental group before introducing interference (P>0.05). But the numbers resulted from two months interference was significant (P0.05).
Training in releasing period based on problem solving by telephoning follow-ups leads to increasing awareness, understanding and skills of brain damaged caregivers and will help them in different caregiving jobs. It will lead to improving the role of caregivers and health condition of the patient. We can recommend it as a substituting method when there is no social nursing present in Iran.

Objective (s): Chronic character of diabet and complications decreases quality of life. According to Chronic character of illness use of suitable follow up is necessary. Thus. This study was designed to investigate the Effect of Nurse-led Telephone Follow up)Telenursing(on Quality of life among diabetic patients. In This quasi experimental study seventy diabetic patients selected with convenience sampling method. Data gathering instruments included a questionnaire for demographic variable and SF36 questionnaire for measurement Quality of life. Data gathered at baselin and 12 weeks after the intervention. Participants randomly assigned to the experimental and control groups. Telephone follow ups were applied in experiment group for 3 months; data were analized with SPSS software. Results showed that there was no significant difference in demographic variable and quality of life dimension between two group before intervention, but there was a significant difference between the two groups after the intervention in terms of scores quality of life in physical health)P<0.001(and emotional health)P=0.009(.Based on the results of applied paired t-test, there was a significant difference before and after the intervention in the case group in terms of their mean quality of life. According to the result Nurse-led Telephone Follow up)Telenursing) hasBeen highly effective on the diabetic patient's quality of life and we suggest this method to be applied on wider range in this patient and other chronic diseases.

Chronic pain tends to be difficult to manage because of its complex natural history and poor response to therapy. Recently, it has been reported that telecare management by nurses improved outcomes of patients with chronic pain.. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of a telephone consultation approach partially based on a cognitive-behavioral approach on pain and quality of life (QOL) in patients with chronic pain in Japan..Patients and Telephonic consultation was provided by nurse care managers for the management of pain. They informed the patients how to correct or eliminate excessive fear of pain, improper thinking for treating pain, as well as how to control activity levels by appropriate pacing. We received 463 consultations about chronic pain; however, 153 patients allowed us to recall for follow-up assessment. Finally, we could evaluate the pain intensity for 121 patients and the EuroQOL 5 dimension (EQ-5D) for 37 patients at the initial call and on their condition at 3 to 6 months after that. Wilcoxon signed-rank test and Cohens’d were used for both analyses. We also asked them to rate, by feeling, marked signs of improvement, some improvement, no improvement, or deterioration in pain and QOL, depending on their condition 3 to 6 months after the initial call (n = 121).. The pain intensities were significantly decreased from 7.6 ± 2.0 at baseline to 5.7 ± 2.9 on follow-ups assessed by a numerical rating scale (range; 0 - 10, P < 0.001, effect size (ES); 0.76). The EuroQOL 5 dimension scores were also significantly improved after telephone intervention; 0.5 ± 0.2 to 0.6 ± 0.2 (range; 0 - 1, P < 0.001, ES; 0.65). Moreover, as a result of the consultation, approximately half of the participants felt an improvement in the intensity of pain and QOL.. Telephone consultation partially based on a cognitive-behavioral approach significantly reduced the intensity of pain and improved the QOL in patients with chronic pain in Japan..

This study was conducted to evaluate patients satisfaction of case managers’ performance and their telephone follow-up based on the collaborative care model in Community Mental Health Center (CMHC). For conducting current descriptive study، out of 991 subjects، 131 were randomly selected and investigated for their satisfaction of case managers’ behavior and service. Investigations were carried out by psychologist using telephone contact method. The data were analyzed by descriptive method. Of all follow-ups، %75. 6 of examinees answered to the case managers telephones and from these people، 94. 6% were satisfied of telephone contacts and case managers’ performance. Case manager could improve patients’ acceptance and satisfaction of treatment process.

Diabetes is one of the most prevalent chronic metabolic diseases all over the world and annually three million people die of diabetes. Currently, 3-5% of our country’s populations suffer from diabetes. This study aimed to determine the effect of telephone follow-up on self-care behaviors (e.g., diet, exercise, foot care, monitoring of blood glucose, use of medications) of diabetic patients. In this quasi-experimental study, 191 patients suffering from diabetes type 2, referring to Yazd diabetes center, were randomly selected through sequential sampling. Subsequently, they were divided into control and experimental groups. The questionnaire applied for obtaining data included the following: demographic information, disease information, diabetic self-care behaviors, test results and records of patients’ answers in telephone follow-ups. The obtained results demonstrate that the experimental group, with mean self-care behavior score of 217/07±11/29, had a statistically significant difference from the control group (p=0/000) suggesting that telephone follow-ups can effectively improve self-care behaviors of diabetic patients. Additionally, 1/80% of the population in the experimental group had satisfactory self-care behaviors before the study and 34/16% of them reached the desired level after the study. In the control group, on the other hand, 1/27% of the population had the desired level of self-care behaviors before the study and 17/6% of them reached the desired level after the study. In the experimental group, glycosylated hemoglobin decreased by 1/36%, (before the study: 8/7%±0/83 and after the study: 7/34%±0/72). While in the control group, glycosylated hemoglobin decreased by 5% (before the study: 8/7%±%0/74 and after the study: 8/31%±0/67). The obtained results suggest a statistically significant difference between the experimental and control groups. This study showed that long-term telephone follow-up can effectively improve self-care behaviors of diabetic patients.

Education is one of the most basic methods of prevention, treatment and control of chronic diseases including diabetes. Telephone follow-up plays an effective role not only in reducing costs, but also in providing nursing care and self-efficacy of patients. This study was conducted with the aim of the effect of telenursing training and follow-up on the self-efficacy and quality of life of diabetic pregnant patients referred to the Fatemieh hospital during the Corona Pandemic in 1400.

In this clinical trial study, 83 mothers with diabetes were randomly divided into two control and intervention groups. The research tool was a questionnaire including demographic-disease information, DMSES and QOL. First, in the first meeting, the questionnaire was completed by both groups. In the intervention group, Telephone follow-up with training was done immediately after discharge, twice a week in the first month and once a week in the second month in the intervention group. Then, at the end of the intervention, the questionnaire was completed again by both test and control groups.

The average self-efficacy and quality of life in both groups did not show a statistically significant difference before the intervention. After providing training to the intervention group, the average self-efficacy and quality of life in one month and two months later improved significantly compared to the control group.

The use of telephone follow-up due to its accessibility can be used as a method to follow up the training done in pregnant mothers with diabetes.

This study was conducted to evaluate factors associated with drop-out rate among patients with psychiatric disorders. This was a descriptive-analytic study. All patients (n=2600) diagnosed with anxiety or depressive disorders visited by a general practitioner in a private clinic affiliated with community mental health centers were included during November 2010 to October 2012. The survival analysis was used to assess the patients’ drop-out and factors related to patients’ drop-out. The impact of factors such as age, gender, education, type of diagnosis, and provider center of services on treatment drop-out were evaluated. The Cox regression was also used to assess effect of telephone follow-ups on patients’ survival in treatment. The median length of stay in treatment was 32 days ranged from 16 to 600 days for different general practitioners. When patients with only one visit were excluded, the median length of stay in treatment was 158 days. Effective factors on retention from treatment included patients’ age, provider clinic of services and telephone follow-up by case managers. Developing a good therapeutic alliance using regular telephone follow-ups is effective on retention of patients in treatment.