Focus on Science
Volume:4 Issue: 2, May 2018

Dandy-Walker Syndrome (DWS) is a congenital brain malformation. The psychiatric aspect of DWS has not been addressed sufficiently. To our knowledge, there are few reports about psychiatric presentation of this syndrome, especially bipolar disorder. We report a 48-year-old male with bipolar disorder type I diagnosis with recurrent mania episode apparently sensitive to benzodiazepines. The brain imaging was done to investigate the causes of ataxia and impairment of consciousness after prescription of benzodiazepine. According to the neurological consultation, CT scan, and MRI findings, DWS was diagnosed. Following shunt insertion, the psychiatric treatments were more effective for control of psychiatric signs. This case report implicated the importance of studying and accurate diagnosis in the preoperative administration of medication, especially in patients with recurrent mania episode and impairment of brain function following the sedating drugs administration.

Psychotic manifestations and other psychiatric presentations may be eventually secondary to involvement and disassemble of anatomy and brain structures. Glioma of corpus callosum is a rare tumor. We report a case of psychotic-like symptoms presumably due to tumor invasion to corpus callosum. A 53-year-old woman from north of Iran was referred because of a severe headache. She hadn’t a previous history of psychiatric or psychotic disorders and organic problems. The onset of headache was from 2 months ago. From 13 days ago, the headache was very severe with vomiting, decrease of visual acuity, dyspnea, talkativeness, aggression, disorganized behavior, disorientation, cognitive impairment, incontinency, insomnia, dysphoric mood, disorganized speech as incoherency, auditory, and visual hallucination. The brain MRI showed bilateral parasagital and posterior Corpus callosum lesions. The surgery was high risk for her and radiotherapy was suggested. The physicians should be alert for clinical manifestations suggestive reversible and organic cause of psychotic disorders. It is important to be alert to the possibility of an organic cause to psychosis.

Opioid addiction is a chronic disorder that can create main psychological, systematic, social, and economic problems. Among the different therapies of opioid addiction, Methadone maintenance therapy is one of the many therapeutic approaches. Methadone, like any drugs can effect on some organs. The aim of this study was evaluation of liver enzymes in people undergoing methadone maintenance therapy. In this retrospective study, level of liver enzymes including Aspartate Aminotransferase (AST), Alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and Alkaline Phosphatase (ALP) measured before and 12 mounts after methadone therapy (from October 2015 to June 2016 Rafsanjan, Iran). Data analyzed by SPSS-16 using spearman, paired sample and independent T-test. P-value ≤0.05 considered significance. 98 people enrolled to study (male/female: 83/15). The mean age of them was 47.21±9.53 years (male/female: 48.42±9.51/40.53±65). Plasma levels of AST before and 12 months after methadone therapy was 31.44±21.61, 40.77±20.00 U/L which significantly increased (p= 0.001). Plasma levels of ALT before and 12 months after methadone therapy was 36.43±33.54 and 39.93±25.52 U/L (p= 0.183). Plasma levels of ALP before and 12 months after methadone therapy was 263.21±52.19 and 239.42±57.27 U/L which significantly decreased (p= 0.001). Mean dose of methadone in people with abnormal AST levels was higher than people with normal AST (p=0.003). Before methadone therapy, AST in 58.2%, ALT in 50% and ALP in 100% of subjects was higher than normal level. Treatment with methadone has an effect on the Aspartate Aminotransferase for at least one year and may increase it, which can be due to liver damage.

Metformin specifically inhibits the regulation of cell proliferation and survival via several mechanisms. This study aimed to investigate the anti proliferative effect of metformin against different cancer cell lines, in order to delineate its specificity and elucidate its mechanism. The inhibitory concentration (IC50) of metformin against several cancer cell lines was calculated and statistically compared with the corresponding values of doxorubicin as a reference drug using One way ANOVA followed by Tukey Kramer post test. Metformin was effective against PC3>Caco>HeLa>Hep-2>A549>Hep- G2>MCF7 cancer cell lines. The potency of metformin as anticancer agent in reference to doxorubicin ranged between 1.1 and 8%. The anti proliferative effect of metformin was attributed to its reduction of the glucose uptake and oxidation, leading to alteration of cell metabolism. Its anti proliferative effect against PC3 cell line with a minor effect against MCF7 cell line indicates that metformin helps the patients with positive androgen rather than estrogen receptor cancer cells.

Medical documentation is a key element in patients’ care quality because of its role in recording patient’s status. Here we studied the effect of an interventional education program on Arak University of medical sciences residents about medical documentation and medical ethics. The current report is a summary of an interventional study during an educational workshop on 83 residents. It included lectures and group discussions about medical documentation based on legal requirements for the documents and common practices. Using appropriate questionnaires, the knowledge of the residents on theoretical and practical aspects of the medical documentation was examined before and after the workshop. We analyze this information using SPSS16 statistical software for descriptive and inferential statistical indices and Wilcoxon test. The results showed significant changes in the knowledge of the participants. As per most of previous studies, we have seen that training courses improve knowledge and performance in patients’ management. Therefore we are strongly suggesting training courses and workshops about document writing basics in medical educational curriculum.