فصلنامه روانشناسی
سال بیست و سوم شماره 2 (پیاپی 90، تابستان 1398)

The purpose of this research was identification of constituents and factor structure of Positive youth development. The research community includes the professors and practitioners of this field, PhD students and high school students. The sample consists of 15 professors and experts who were chosen in a targeted manner and according to specialty. Also 25 PhD students from different universities participated in a accessible form. Finally, a sample of students includes 1200 students (600 girls and 600 boys) were selected through randomized cluster method. Given the nature of the subject and research objectives; in the first step, the contributing factors of "positive youth development" collected and analyzed based on three sources: studies and theoretical texts, practical plans, and measurements; and with emphasis on qualitative method of categorization. Then, measurement and structural models of positive young development extracted using exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis. The final model of research includes four factors; competency factors (11 items), communication (14 items), agency (13 items) and positive thinking (7 items). The presented model has similarities to existing models, but it has its own form of loading.

The current study aimed to investigate the relationship between attachment styles (secure, insecure) and psychological well-being, mediated by the role of cognitive flexibility. This research was a correlational study. A total of 272 participants were selected by means of multistage cluster sampling among Shiraz university undergraduate students. The data were gathered by using 3 measures: Adult Attachment Scale (Collins & Reid,1996), Scale Psychological Well-Being (Ryff, 1989) and Cognitive Flexibility Inventory (Dennis & Vander Wal, 2010). Using Pearson's correlation coefficient and path analysis with software, SPSS 20 and Amos 22, the data were analyzed. The results of path analysis indicated that the model had a good fit to the data. The secure attachment styles had a significant positive direct effect on psychological well-being. And insecure (avoidance, ambivalence) attachment style had a significant negative direct effect on psychological well-being. Also attachment style had predicted psychological well-being stronger by mediating cognitive flexibility. The results of the prediction showed that, when people with a secure attachment style have more cognitive flexibility, they experience a higher psychological well-being.

The purpose of this research was to study the relationship between coach’s leadership style and mental toughness of contact athletes. The sample consisted of 357 athletes who were randomly selected. All participants were asked to complete the Salzmann (1982) Leadership Style Questionnaire and Mental Toughness Questionnaire of Clough et al. (2002). Pearson correlation coefficient and multivariate regression were used to analyze the data. The results showed that there was a significant relationship between coach’s leadership style and mental toughness of contact athletes. Also from the perspective of athletes, coach’s leadership styles, respectively supportive, combined and directive. The results of multivariate regression showed that we can predict athletes' mental toughness according to the coach’s leadership style. The findings of this study indicated that the coach leadership style as environmental variable and the relationship between coaches and athletes are important factors in the development of athletes' mental toughness.

The current study was aimed at investigating the effect of authentic leadership on burnout through mediation role of areas of worklife and occupational coping self- efficacy. The population of this research was all employees of a public company affiliated to the Ministry of Power. To reach this aim, 325 employees were selected through stratified random sampling. The instruments being applied in the study consisted of Authentic Leadership Inventory (ALI) (Walumbwa et al 2008), Areas of Worklife Scale (Leiter and Maslach), Occupational Coping Self-Efficacy Questionnaire (Peasanti et al), and Burnout Inventory (Maslach and Jackson). Data were analyzed using structural equation modeling (SEM) with SPSS 21 and AMOS 21 softwares and Bootstrap method was utilized to test the mediation effects. Results indicated that the hypothesized model of research were fited to data. The results also supported the role of mediation of areas of work life and occupational coping self-efficacy between authentic leadership and burnout.

In the current paper, two independent studies have been reported. The purpose of first study was to investigate the relationship between job motivation and job burnout characteristics via structural equation modeling. To this purpose, 377 Personnels of the National Iranian Oil Refining and Distribution Company in Isfahan selected via stratified random sampling method. Measures of the study were: Warr and Inseoglu Job Motivation Characteristics Inventory (2012) and Maslach and Jackson (1981) Maslach Job Burnout Inventory. The results of the research, while introducing a different non-linear relationship, AD and CE, showed that the nonlinear model was superior to the linear model. The aim of the second study was to investigate the order of the motivational characteristics of the job according to the underlying variables. To this end, 984 employees of the National Iranian Oil Refining and Distribution Company in Isfahan who were selected via stratified random sampling method, responded to the Warr and Inseoglu (2012) questionnaire. The results of the study showed the importance of the nonlinear nature of the job motivation variables in terms of the latent variables in the Threston model. Based on two different categories of motivations (AD and CE), it is advisable to make interventions to reduce burnout and also to repeat the research with the job stress variable.

The objective of this research was to evaluate the effect of positive mindfulness training program on stress response and depression symptoms in male adolescents with depression symptoms in Isfahan. The current research was a quasi-experimental design with pre-test, post-test and follow-up and a control group. A total of 40 students were selected from second grade high school male students in Isfahan during the academic year 2016-2017, based on the inclusion criteria and multi-stage cluster sampling procedures. The experimental group received positive mindfulness program for 8 sessions of 90 minutes. Subjects were evaluated by Stress Response Inventory (Kuh Park, Kim & Chow, 2001) and Beck Depression Inventory-Second Edition (Beck, Stear & Brown, 1996). Data were analyzed by repeated measures analysis of variance analysis. The results showed the effect of positive mindfulness training on stress response and depression symptoms in post-test and follow up stages (p <0.01).

The present study aimed at investigating the mediating role of mindfulness in the relationship between depression, anxiety, stress and psychological well-being. Current study is a descriptive study. A total of 198 (137 female and 61 male) participants completed the paper-and-pencil form of Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale (DASS), Mindfulness Attention Awareness Scale (MAAS) and Ryff Psychological Well-being Scale. The mediating role of mindfulness was explored using the PROCESS v3.0 plugin for SPSS. The results revealed that mindfulness significantly (p<0.01) mediated the relationship between 1) anxiety and total well-being, 2) anxiety and mastery as well as depression and master, and 3) all three independent variables and self-growth. Data also showed that, regarding some emotional disturbances (i.e., anxiety), trait mindfulness could prove similarly effective with both low and high emotionality, while with respect to other difficulties (i.e., depression) it will only foster psychological well-being when negative affectivity level is only low or moderate